Abstract
A large drop in prices of photovoltaic (PV) equipment, an increase in electricity prices, and increasing environmental pressure to use renewable energy sources that pollute the environment significantly less than the use of fossil fuels have led to a large increase in installed roof PV capacity in many parts of the world. In this context, this paper aims to analyze the cost-effectiveness of installing PV systems in the rural continental part of Croatia on existing family houses. A typical example is a house in Dragotin, Croatia with an annual consumption of 4211.70 kWh of electricity on which PV panels are placed facing south under the optimal slope. The calculation of the optimal size of a PV power plant with a capacity of 3.6 kW, without battery energy storage, was performed by the Homer program. The daily load curve was obtained by measuring the electricity consumption at the facility every hour during a characteristic day in the month of June. As most of the activities are related to electricity consumption, repeating during most days of the year, and taking into account seasonal activities, daily load curves were made for a characteristic day in each month of the year. Taking into account the insolation for the specified location, using the Internet platform Solargis Prospect, hourly data on the electricity production of selected PV modules for a characteristic day in each month were obtained. Based on the previous data, the electricity injected into the grid and taken from the grid was calculated. Taking into account the current tariffs for the sale and purchase of electricity, investment prices, and maintenance of equipment, the analysis shows that such a PV system can pay off in 10.5 years without government incentives.
Highlights
The use of renewable energy sources for electricity generation is in trend all over the world
The paper analyzed the cost-effectiveness of applying the PV roof system on a family house in the continental rural part of Croatia
A daily curve of electricity consumption was recorded with a step of 1 h for the observed object and the production of electricity from the PV system for a given location of the object was calculated
Summary
The use of renewable energy sources for electricity generation is in trend all over the world. This is on a large scale, with large companies for the production and distribution of electricity, and on a small or consumer scale. In this sense, rooftop photovoltaic power plants (PVs) take a significant place. Emissions from the construction sector are still higher than in 2014, and the annual rate of energy renovation of buildings in the EU is only about 1%. The EU is trying to overcome these bottlenecks, and there is a new impetus towards rooftop solar installations, with a proven impact on achieving decarbonization and reducing energy demand from the electricity grid
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