Abstract
The objective of this study is to estimate the production costs and profitability of corn cultivation in the setup phase of the crop-livestock-forest integration system for pasture recovery in the municipality of Pindaré-Mirim/MA, Brazil. The study was developed at the Technological Reference Unit (TRU) for the Integration of Crop-Livestock-Forest (ICLF) of Embrapa Cocais, located in the municipality of Pindaré-Mirim/MA, Brazil. Data collection occurred during the agricultural year 2015/2016. The management of the ICLF system was carried out following the molds of the “Santa Fé” technique. The cost of production was used to calculate the Total Operational Cost (TOC) and were extrapolated per hectare. For the economic analysis of corn production, three different prices were considered: (a) the price received by the producer; (b) the historical average of the last 30 months to the date of actual sale of the product; and (c) the minimum guarantee price of the federal government. The TOC was found to be US$ 1,672.72 per hectare. The economic efficiency indicators showed promising profit values, demonstrating that in this study with corn production in the 1st year, it would be possible to pay for the implementation of the ICLF system as an alternative for the recovery of degraded pasture.
Highlights
The current specialized production systems, based on monocultures, have been increasingly inefficient regarding yields, making it more difficult to develop new systems that can be more successful, and which may have higher revenues per hectare
The study was developed at the Technological Reference Unit (TRU) for the Integration of Crop-Livestock-Forest (ICLF) of Embrapa Cocais, located in the municipality of Pindaré-Mirim/MA (Brazil), Micro-region of Pindaré, at latitude coordinates 3o46′13.60′′S, longitude 45o29′42.00′′W, and with altitude of 28 meters above sea level
The total and actual operating costs recorded in the experiment were estimated at one hectare, and the Total Operational Cost (TOC) of US$ 1,672.72 per hectare was found
Summary
The current specialized production systems, based on monocultures, have been increasingly inefficient regarding yields, making it more difficult to develop new systems that can be more successful, and which may have higher revenues per hectare. The use of productive diversification systems has been successfully used within the same area, with two or more production systems being explored, improving the perspective of generating economic return to the producer. The crop-livestock-forest integration system (ICLF) is a form of diversified production, developing various activities and crops within the same area in the farm, to maximize profit and reduce risks. In addition to being economically viable (Muniz et al, 2007b), it reduces the risks for the producer (Muniz et al, 2007a). It represents a production technology that integrates agricultural, livestock and forestry production systems, in a spatial and/or temporal dimension, seeking synergic effects between the components of the agroecosystem for the sustainability of the farm. Considering its environmental suitability, the valuation of human and natural capital and the economic viability of the production system (Balbino et al, 2011)
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