Abstract
International Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical Sciences,2019,8,3s,s15-s18.DOI:10.5530/ijpcs.2019.8.39Published:November 2019Type:Research ArticleAuthors:Yousef Ahmed Alomi, Faiz A. Bahadig, Malika Alhadab, Mona Lubbad, Ebtesam Nazal, and Mayssa Ahmed Assiri Author(s) affiliations:Yousef Ahmed Alomi*, General Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Faiz A. Bahadig, Informatics Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Abdul-Aziz Medical, City-WRJeddah, Ministry of National Guard, Saudi Arabia. Malika Alhadab, Head, Pharmacy Services, Alyamma Hopsital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Mona Lubbad, Former Head, Extemporaneous Preparation Unit, Pharmacy services, Alyamma Hopsital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Ebtesam Nazal, Head, Extemporaneous Preparation Unit, Pharmacy Services, Alyamma Hopsital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Mayssa Ahmed Assiri, Clinical Pharmacy Staff, General Manager of General Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Abstract:Objectives: In this study, we explored the cost analysis of selected pediatric antituberculosis formulations available at the pharmacy of a pediatrics and maternity hospital in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a retrospective cost analysis study of pediatric anti-tuberculosis formulations conducted at a pediatrics and maternity hospital having 300 beds in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. The pharmacy section of this hospital receives the specific formulation from the physician. Then the expert pharmacist provides the clinical compounding services to healthcare staff and patients over 8 hr per day for 5 days per a week. The pediatric formulations consisted of selected anti-tuberculosis medications. The cost analysis included variable expenses such as personal cost, material cost and supply cost. Fixed costs included direct cost, nonsalary cost and overhead cost. All costs were derived from the Ministry of Health information database. All costs were analyzed in terms of US dollar currency by using the Microsoft Excel software version 10. Results: The estimated average total standard cost of pediatric anti-tuberculosis formulations per hour was (53.82 USD), which included 58.58% (31.53 USD) personal cost, 25.14% (13.53 USD) overhead cost, 3.34% (1.8 USD) material and supply cost and 12.93% (6.96 USD) non-salary cost. The average estimated cost of rifampicin per preparation was (11.36 USD). The total annual cost of rifampicin was (1363.20 USD). The average estimated cost of pyrazinamide per preparation was (6.835 USD). The total annual cost of pyrazinamide was (68.35 USD). The average estimated cost of isoniazid per preparation was (8.515 USD). The total annual cost of isoniazid was (85.15 USD). Conclusion: Two anti-tuberculosis pediatric formulations (rifampicin and isoniazid) were available for various prices, whereas pyrazinamide was not available as pediatric formulation either locally or in USA and UK. The pharmacist should prepare all anti-tuberculosis pediatric formulation when needed. The cost analysis of all anti-tuberculosis pediatric formulations should be determined in order to meet health insurance and the strategies of New Saudi Vision 2030 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Keywords:Anti-tuberculosis, Clinical compounding, Cost, Ministry of Health, Pediatric formulations, Saudi ArabiaView:PDF (174.26 KB) PDFClick here to download the PDF file. Images Cost of Rifampicin 25 mg/mL (USD).
Highlights
Tuberculosis is one of the most commonly found tropical diseases in some developed countries.[1]
Et al Cost Analysis of Anti-tuberculosis Pediatrics Formulations in Saudi Arabia fore, in this study, we aimed to conduct the cost analysis of pediatric formulations of some antituberculosis medications in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This is a retrospective cost analysis study related to the anti-tuberculosis pediatric formulations available in the previous year at a pediatrics and maternity hospital in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia
The average estimated cost of rifampicin per preparation was 11.36 United State Dollars (USD) which consisted of standard cost (0.33 USD) and direct cost
Summary
Tuberculosis is one of the most commonly found tropical diseases in some developed countries.[1]. The WHO has estimated that in 2017, an estimated 1 million children were affected with tuberculosis and around 233,000 children died due to it (including children with HIV-associated tuberculosis).[1] The prevalence of tuberculosis in children in Saudi Arabia has reached up to 2%–14% with an incidence rate of 2 per 100,000.[2] The updated management guidelines recommend the need to treat the patients with at least four medications during the first 2 months and continue with two medications for the 6 months.[3] The anti-tuberculosis medication with first- or second-line management of resistance case were listed in the MOH drug formulary.[4] All medications were dispensed free of cost to all Saudi citizens or to visitors during the Hajj period.
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