Cosmopolitan Highlanders: Region and Nation in Anglo-German Encounters in the Himalayas, 1903–1945

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Studies of national and regional identity have long been a staple of British and European historiography. In German historiography, the development of nationalism and national unification is well-charted territory, as is the importance of discourses of Heimat and Volk.1 The persistence of strong local and regional allegiances, particularly in the southern German states, is equally wellknown.2 A similar trajectory can be found in British historiography. Historians such as Linda Colley have explored the creation of a common British identity and a sense of Britishness during the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The emergence of particular notions of Englishness has attracted the attention of scholars such as Peter Mandler.3 Both relate to wider discussions concerning the role of the nation-state in modern history. At the same time, the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were also periods of globalization, with an increase in international and intercontinental travel, as well as a significant degree of mobility of ideas and goods.4 While this perhaps never came as a surprise to historians of Britain, who have long dealt with Britain’s engagement with the rest of the world, historians of Germany have only begun to embrace this new global history more recently. The past two decades have witnessed an increasing proliferation of studies that seek to place German history in its global context.5