Abstract
General relativity predicts a singularity in the beginning of the universe being called big bang. Recent developments in loop quantum cosmology avoid the singularity and the big bang is replaced by a big bounce. A classical theory of gravitation in flat space-time also avoids the singularity under natural conditions on the density parameters. The universe contracts to a positive minimum and then it expands during all times. It is not symmetric with regard to its minimum implying a finite age measured with proper time of the universe. The space of the universe is flat and the total energy is conserved. Under the assumption that the sum of the density parameters is a little bit bigger than one the universe is very hot in early times. Later on, the cosmological model agrees with the one of general relativity. A new interpretation of a non-expanding universe may be given by virtue of flat space-time theory of gravitation.
Highlights
Einstein’s theory of general relativity is generally accepted as the most powerful theory of gravitation by virtue of its well-known predictions
Recent developments in loop quantum cosmology avoid the singularity and the big bang is replaced by a big bounce
A new interpretation of a non-expanding universe may be given by virtue of flat space-time theory of gravitation
Summary
Einstein’s theory of general relativity is generally accepted as the most powerful theory of gravitation by virtue of its well-known predictions It gives a singularity in the beginning of the universe being called big bang and which has been accepted for long times. There exist differences to the results of general relativity, these are: the theorem of Birkhoff doesn’t hold and the theory gives non-singular cosmological models (no big bang). A summary of flat space-time theory of gravitation with the mentioned results can be found in [10] where references to the detailed studies are given. The universe is non-stationary and the time dependence follows by the transformation of the different kinds of energy into one another whereas the total energy is conserved This transformation of the energies is the reason for the observed redshifts at distant galaxies. It is worth to mention that this article appeared in arXiv (see reference [16])
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