Abstract
Even as astrobiologists search for life in the universe, scientists and philosophers alike are pondering the possibility of a deep and profound relationship between cosmology and biology. The universe appears in its very essence to be biocentric, in that the laws of nature and the physical constants are finely tuned for life, giving rise to what has been termed the anthropic principle. This in turn has given rise to the idea of an ensemble of universes, or multiverse, as an explanation for why we happen to be in a universe particularly suited for life. Exactly 20 years ago, in his book Infinite in All Directions, physicist Freeman Dyson speculated that the prospects are bright for a future-oriented science, joining together in a disciplined fashion the resources of biology and cosmology. Fine-tuning and the multiverse are two concepts that may prove central to this task. In such a cosmic ecology, life and intelligence would play a central role in the evolution of the universe, no less than its physical laws.
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