Abstract
In this review, we outline the expected tests of gravity that will be achieved at cosmological scales in the upcoming decades. We focus mainly on constraints on phenomenologically parameterized deviations from general relativity, which allow to test gravity in a model-independent way, but also review some of the expected constraints obtained with more physically motivated approaches. After reviewing the state-of-the-art for such constraints, we outline the expected improvement that future cosmological surveys will achieve, focusing mainly on future large-scale structures and cosmic microwave background surveys but also looking into novel probes on the nature of gravity. We will also highlight the necessity of overcoming accuracy issues in our theoretical predictions, issues that become relevant due to the expected sensitivity of future experiments.
Highlights
Since its first formulation in 1915, Einstein’s general relativity (GR) has demonstrated its ability to pass several observational tests
The authors of this paper show how the constraints achievable on the parameters ruling the amplitude of deviations from GR are competitive with those that can obtained from Euclid, thanks to the amount of data that Javalambre-Physics of the Accelerated Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS) will obtain at low redshift, where such parameterization departs the most from the standard model
We briefly reviewed a subset of the available alternatives to the theory of general relativity, which is at the base of the current standard cosmological model ΛCDM
Summary
Since its first formulation in 1915, Einstein’s general relativity (GR) has demonstrated its ability to pass several observational tests. Einstein demonstrated that such a theory was able to explain the anomalous precession of Mercury’s perihelion, on the other hand, one of its theoretical predictions, the gravitational deflection of starlight by the Sun, was tested during the total solar eclipse of 29 May 1919 [1]. DE is generally identified with the cosmological constant Λ, whose constant energy density and negative pressure allow to account for this accelerated phase All these components make up the current standard cosmological model, the so called cosmological constant-cold dark matter model (ΛCDM). Cosmic microwave background (CMB) and large-scale structures (LSS) surveys have the ability to probe the way that matter clusters and how it is distributed in the Universe, as well as giving insight on how matter distorts space-time through gravitational lensing This allows to constrain possible departures from GR, providing observational tests of the theory of gravity at cosmological scales.
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