Abstract
The standard model involves particle symmetry and the mechanism of its breaking. Modern cosmology is based on inflationary models with baryosynthesis and dark matter/energy, which involves physics beyond the standard model. Studies of the physical basis of modern cosmology combine direct searches for new physics at accelerators with its indirect non-accelerator probes, in which cosmological consequences of particle models play an important role. The cosmological reflection of particle symmetry and the mechanisms of its breaking are the subject of the present review.
Highlights
The laws of known particle interactions and transformations are based on the gauge symmetry-extension of the gauge principle of quantum electrodynamics to strong and weak interactions
Successful the standard model (SM) is in describing particle properties and interactions, it is not sufficient to provide the basis for modern inflationary cosmology with baryosynthesis and dark matter/energy, and it should be extended to resolve its internal problems, such as divergence of mass of the Higgs boson or CP violation in Quantum
The matter content of the modern universe is originated from the physical processes: the baryon density is the result of baryosynthesis, and the nonbaryonic dark matter represents the relic species of physics beyond the standard model
Summary
The laws of known particle interactions and transformations are based on the gauge symmetry-extension of the gauge principle of quantum electrodynamics to strong and weak interactions. Formation of the large scale structure of the universe from small initial density fluctuations is one of the most important reasons for the nonbaryonic nature of the dark matter that is decoupled from matter and radiation, and provides the effective growth of these fluctuations before recombination It implies dark matter candidates from the physics beyond the standard model (see References [6,7,8,9,10] for recent review). The matter content of the modern universe is originated from the physical processes: the baryon density is the result of baryosynthesis, and the nonbaryonic dark matter represents the relic species of physics beyond the standard model These basic elements of modern cosmology are related with physics beyond the standard model, and in various aspects reflect particle symmetry and mechanisms of its breaking.
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