Abstract
We briefly describe the cosmological lithium problems followed by a summary of our recent theoretical work on the magnitude of the effects of electron screening, thepossible existence of dark matter parallel universes and the use of non-extensive (Tsal-lis) statistics during big bang nucleosynthesis. Solutions within nuclear physics are also discussed and recent measurements of cross-sections based on indirect experimental techniques are summarized.
Highlights
The cosmological lithium problem has become one of the most intriguing open questions in cosmology due to inconsistencies between observation and calculations based on the standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) for the primordial elemental abundances
The second lithium puzzle relates to the BBN predictions of the isotopic ratio 6Li/7Li ∼ 10−5 [10, 12], while observations report 6Li/7Li ∼ 5 × 10−2 [14]
Because they might have a large influence on the 6Li/7Li isotopic ratio, such complexities weaken the arguments for the existence of the second lithium problem which in some scenarios yields a better agreement with BBN predictions [15]
Summary
The cosmological lithium problem has become one of the most intriguing open questions in cosmology due to inconsistencies between observation and calculations based on the standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) for the primordial elemental abundances. The second lithium puzzle relates to the BBN predictions of the isotopic ratio 6Li/7Li ∼ 10−5 [10, 12], while observations report 6Li/7Li ∼ 5 × 10−2 [14] This puzzle is less robust because of the complexities involved in 3-dimension calculations involving convection and non-local thermodynamical equilibrium, in particular in the photo-sphere of metal-poor stars. Because they might have a large influence on the 6Li/7Li isotopic ratio, such complexities weaken the arguments for the existence of the second lithium problem which in some scenarios yields a better agreement with BBN predictions [15]
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