Cosmological distances scale. Part 14: “Hubble bubble” and the gravitational dipole

Abstract

In this article, on the basis of astronomical discoveries over the past 25 years, the possible causes of the phenomenon that is perceived as the “acceleration of the expansion of the Universe” are considered. In 1998, in order to confirm the discovery of the “acceleration of the expansion of the Universe”, the specialists of the High-Z SN Search Team tested and rejected the hypothesis about the influence of a local void – the “Hubble bubble”, which was considered an alternative to the positive cosmological constant, based on data on 44 supernovae of type SN Ia. Also in 1998 the author and specialists of the Computing Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, during the testing of the multidimensional statistical analysis program “MMK-stat M”, according to standard reference data, a divergent dipole anisotropy of the redshift of 383 quasars and radio galaxies along the axis “Virgo – Leo ↔ Eridanus – Aquarius” was detected. In 2007, the problems of anisotropy attracted the attention of cosmologists. In 2016, groups of specialists from the High-Z SN Search Team and the Carnegie-Chicago Hubble program began a discussion about the impasse in cosmology. In the course of additional analysis, it is shown that the redshift dipole anisotropy of not only radio galaxies, but also supernovae of type SN Ia with respect to the quasar anisotropy dipole has an inverse orientation.