Abstract
The work expounds on the evolution of the studies of cosmic ray modulation effects and the development of the concepts concerning the processes which occur in interplanetary space and give rise to the 11-year and 22-year cosmic ray variations, to the annual and 22-year variations, to the Forbush effects and to the effects of increases before geomagnetic storms, to the solar anisotropy and scintillations of galactic cosmic ray flux. The role of cosmic rays in restricting and forming the heliosphere and in forming the terminal shock wave is discussed. The theory of cosmic ray propagation in the heliosphere is proposed to generalize for the two-component (solar wind + magnetic clouds) model. The stream kinetic instability is shown to be able of playing an important role in the cosmic ray modulation in the outer heliosphere.
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