Abstract
If cosmic background neutrinos interact very weakly with each other, through spin–spin interactions, then they may have experienced a phase transition, leading to a ferromagnetic ordering. The small magnetic field resulting from ferromagnetic ordering – if present before galaxy formation – could act as a primordial seed of the magnetic fields observed in several galaxies. Our findings suggest that the magnetization could occur in the right epoch, if the exchange boson of neutrino–neutrino interaction is a massless boson beyond the Standard Model, with a coupling constant of 2.2×10−13(mν10−4eV)2<g<2.3×10−7. The estimation of the magnetic seed is 2.3×10−27G≲BCNB≲6.8×10−10G.
Highlights
There are two untested hypothesis, that if confirmed would allow us to better understand the first moments of the early universe: they are the detection of the theorized Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) [1] and the generation mechanism of a primordial magnetic seed [2,3,4,5]
In this paper we have proposed a mechanism by which the Cosmic Neutrino Background could become observable in a new physics framework
Such a mechanism is produced by an enhancement of neutrino-neutrino interactions after their decoupling from the thermal bath, in the early universe
Summary
There are two untested hypothesis, that if confirmed would allow us to better understand the first moments of the early universe: they are the detection of the theorized Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) [1] and the generation mechanism of a primordial magnetic seed [2,3,4,5]. One possibility is that neutrino-neutrino interactions [6] could lead to an observable phenomenon, but it is expectable that – in order for them to be effective enough to leave an observable trace – the exchange particle of the process should not be the usual W or Z boson, but a particle beyond the Standard Model [7] These interactions can play an important role, at some epoch after the neutrino decoupling. In this paper we propose that neutrinos from the CNB interact with each other via the exchange of an intermediate X boson, much lighter than Z0 These neutrinos acquire a spontaneous magnetization from their spin-spin interaction and if this magnetization was present before the galaxy formation, would provide a mechanism for a primordial magnetic seed.
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