Abstract
The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment will be one of the major scientific pillars of the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt. The goal of the CBM research program is to explore the QCD phase diagram in the region of high baryon densities using high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. This includes the study of the equation-of-state of nuclear matter at neutron star core densities, and the search for the deconfinement and chiral phase transitions. The CBM detector is designed to measure rare diagnostic probes such as hadrons including multi-strange (anti-) hyperons, lepton pairs, and charmed particles with unprecedented precision and statistics. Most of these particles will be studied for the first time in the FAIR energy range. In order to achieve the required precision, the measurements will be performed at very high reaction rates of 1 to 10 MHz. This requires very fast and radiation-hard detectors, a novel data read-out and analysis concept based on free streaming front-end electronics, and a high-performance computing cluster for online event selection. The physics program and the status of the proposed CBM experiment will be discussed.
Highlights
The experimental and theoretical investigation of the properties of elementary matter under extreme conditions is a major topic of international fundamental research
The goal of the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) research program is to explore the Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD) phase diagram in the region of high baryon densities using high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. This includes the study of the equation-of-state of nuclear matter at neutron star core densities, and the search for the deconfinement and chiral phase transitions
The CBM detector is designed to measure rare diagnostic probes such as hadrons including multi-strange hyperons, lepton pairs, and charmed particles with unprecedented precision and statistics. Most of these particles will be studied for the first time in the FAIR energy range
Summary
The experimental and theoretical investigation of the properties of elementary matter under extreme conditions is a major topic of international fundamental research. In heavy-ion collisions at very high beam energies, as provided by the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at BNL in USA or by the Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Switzerland, elementary matter at extremely high temperatures is created, more than hundred-thousand times hotter than the core of our sun. Under such conditions, a plasma is created which consists of quarks and gluons. The mission of heavy-ion experiments at lower beam energies includes the search for the landmarks in the QCD phase diagram, such as the critical point and a first order phase transition Another fundamental ingredient for our understanding of nu-. The discovery of such a Chiral phase transition would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the origin of the mass of the visible universe
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