Abstract
The cerebral pathways involved in lateral visually guided saccades are reviewed in the light of data from 23 clinical cases with focal cerebral lesions. Lateral saccades are produced in the lower brainstem and both the abducens nucleus and the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF), the final common pathway of all ipsilateral eye movements and of all ipsilateral saccades respectively, are necessary to their existence, as illustrated by the first two cases. Visually guided saccades are triggered by the cerebral cortex and the study of their latencies in 21 cases of focal cerebral hemispheric lesions suggests that three main cortical activities - excitatory parietal, inhibitory frontal and excitatory frontal - play a role in this triggering.
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