Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a common target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) but much less frequently targeted for other disorders. Here we report the results of simultaneous local field potential (LFP) recordings and magnetoencephalography (MEG) in a single patient who was implanted bilaterally in the STN for the treatment of dystonia induced by chorea-acanthocytosis. Consistent with the previous results in PD, the dystonia patient showed significant subthalamo-cortical coherence in the high beta band (28–35 Hz) on both sides localized to the mesial sensorimotor areas. In addition, on the right side, significant coherence was found in the theta-alpha band (4–12 Hz) that localized to the medial prefrontal cortex with the peak in the anterior cingulate gyrus. Comparison of STN power spectra with a previously reported PD cohort showed increased power in the theta and alpha bands and decreased power in the low beta band in dystonia which is consistent with most of the previous studies. The present report extends the range of disorders for which cortico-subthalamic oscillatory connectivity has been characterized. Our results strengthen the evidence that at least some of the subthalamo-cortical oscillatory coherent networks are a feature of the healthy brain, although we do not rule out that coherence magnitude could be affected by disease.
Highlights
Synchronized oscillations are a prevalent phenomenon in neural systems and are hypothesized to play an important role in communication between different neuronal populations (Friston et al, 2015)
We report the results of simultaneous local field potential (LFP) recordings and magnetoencephalography (MEG) in a single patient who was implanted bilaterally in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for the treatment of dystonia induced by chorea-acanthocytosis
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery provides a unique opportunity to study the subcortical activities by recording local field potentials (LFPs) from macroelectrodes which are stereotactically targeted with high precision to specific anatomical structures
Summary
Synchronized oscillations are a prevalent phenomenon in neural systems and are hypothesized to play an important role in communication between different neuronal populations (Friston et al, 2015). Several previous studies directly comparing LFP power spectra between the two disorders reproduced the same pattern with increased alpha-theta power in dystonia relative to PD and increased beta power in PD ( after withdrawal of dopaminergic medication) relative to dystonia. This pattern was observed in both GPi (Silberstein et al, 2003; Wang et al, 2018; Piña-Fuentes et al, 2019) and STN (Neumann et al, 2012; Geng et al, 2017). For both dystonia and PD, the study of abnormal oscillations can have clinical implications for improvement of DBS targeting (Yoshida et al, 2010; Horn et al, 2017; Neumann et al, 2017) and development of brain activity driven closed-loop DBS methods (Little et al, 2013; Barow et al, 2014; Meidahl et al, 2017; PiñaFuentes et al, 2019)
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