Abstract
Cortico-Striato-Thalamo-Cortical Circuitry, Working Memory, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
Highlights
The symptoms point to dysfunctions in inhibitory control, implicating the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex as part of a wider cortico-striato-thalamocortical (CSTC) circuitry based on findings from resting-state and task-dependent paradigms
Resting-state connectivity analysis involves the interactions between endogenous activities of different brain regions, task-based connectivity provides specific information on how distributed regions in a network cooperate in doing a cognitive task
Diwadkar et al collected functional magnetic resonance imaging data in 18 participants with Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and 27 healthy controls (HC) during a verbal n-back task. Both groups demonstrated increased activation of CSTC circuits with increased memory load, the OCD group exhibited hyperactivation of the parietal lobe, mid frontal gyrus, dorsal prefrontal cortex, and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) at both low (1-Back) and high (2-Back) levels of memory load compared to that of HC. This memory load-related hyperactivation has been proposed as an intermediate phenotype for OCD [4]
Summary
A commentary on Dysfunctional activation and brain network profiles in youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a focus on the dorsal anterior cingulate during working memory by Diwadkar VA, Burgess A, Hong E, Rix C, Arnold PD, Hanna GL, et al Front Hum Neurosci (2015) 9:149. The symptoms point to dysfunctions in inhibitory control, implicating the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) as part of a wider cortico-striato-thalamocortical (CSTC) circuitry based on findings from resting-state and task-dependent paradigms. The authors assessed interactions between brain regions activated during a task not involving conflict monitoring.
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