Abstract
Background: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is one of cortical visual impairment (CVI) causes. There were only few studies about cortical visual involvement in children with AES. Objective: To describe CVI in children with AES. Methods: This study included all children with AES during January to March 2014, were examined for visual evoked potential (VEP) to evaluate cortical visual pathway. AES was defined as clinical condition characterized by acute onset of fever, a change in mental status, and/or new onset of seizures. CVI was defined as vision loss caused by central nervous system damage confirmed by VEP. Results: There were 9 children with AES and all showed bilateral CVI. The age range between 6 to 48 months old, with 7 males and 2 females. Visual evoked potential result showed 8 children with demyelinating type and 1 with axonal type. Conclusion: Type of CVI caused by AES can be demyelinating type or axonal type.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(2) 2016 p.249-251
Highlights
Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a group of clinically similar neurologic manifestation caused by a wide range of viruses and bacteria
AES may present as encephalitis, meningoencephalitis or meningitis and may be caused by viruses, bacteria, mycobacteria, rickettsia and rarely by toxoplasma
Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is neurologigal disorder caused by bilateral cerebral damage, either to the optic radiations or visual cortex, resulting in deficits in bilateral central visual acuity
Summary
Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a group of clinically similar neurologic manifestation caused by a wide range of viruses and bacteria. Visual evoked potentials (VEP) is a a more practical neurophysiologic method for CVI evaluation in children[4, 5]. Present study is carried out with the objective to describe CVI in children with AES. Corresponds to: Prastiya Indra Gunawan, Neurology Divison, Department of Pediatrics, Airlangga University, Suarabaya, Indonesia. Results: There were 9 children admitted with AES and all showed bilateral CVI. Visual evoked potential result showed 8 children with demyelinating type and 1 with axonal type. Unresponsive latency abnormality was seen in two patients with history of several episodes of seizures, suggesting a bilateral total demyelinating lesion and axonal lesion in both visual pathway. Obtained data on light perception and VEP latency as result of stimulation are presented in Table
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