CORTICAL MECHANISMS OF REGULATION OF LITHIUM CONTENT IN BLOOD OF COWS DEPENDING ON THE SEASONS

Abstract

The behavior of farm animals, especially cattle, is an important economic and useful feature, which significantly facilitates the operating conditions and production of livestock products. The parameters of the nervous system in cattle determine its behavior in various situations, including keeping in the pen, herding, and milking. The optimal content of minerals in the body leads to the normal course of metabolic processes and high productivity. Based on the results of studying the conditioned reflex activity, four experimental groups were formed. Whole blood, serum, and blood cells were used for laboratory analysis. Based on the results of the analysis of variance of the lithium content in different blood fractions of cows, no reliable interaction between the typological features of the nervous system and the season has been established. The mobility of nervous processes, regardless of the season, is reliably associated with the lithium content in whole blood, blood cells, and blood serum (r = 0.15–0.22). Along with this, the parameter of the lithium transmembrane potential (Li cell /Li serum ) is reliably associated mainly with the strength and balance of nervous processes in cows in the warm season – r = 0.62–0.76 (P < 0.05–0.01). A significant dependence on the type of higher nervous activity in cows and the lithium content in blood serum (F = 13.2 > FU = 3.01; P < 0.001), whole blood (F = 14.8 > FU = 3.01; P < 0.001), and blood cells (F = 23.1 > FU = 3.01; P < 0.001) is established. In cows with a weak type of higher nervous activity, the lithium content in blood serum and its cells was lower by 12.1% (P < 0.05) and 18.0% (P < 0.05), respectively, compared with the parameters of cows with a strong balanced mobile type. Keywords: higher nervous activity, micronutrients, types of higher nervous activity, nervous processes