Cortical Margining Capabilities of Fins Associated with Ventral Cervical Spine Instrumentation

Abstract

Fins incorporated into the design of a dynamic cervical spine implant have been employed to enhance axial load-bearing ability, yet their true biomechanical advantages, if any, have not been defined. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess the biomechanical and axial load-bearing contributions of the fin components of the DOC ventral cervical stabilization system. Eighteen fresh cadaveric thoracic vertebrae (T1-T3) were obtained. Three test conditions were devised and studied: Condition A (DOC implants with fins were placed against the superior endplate and bone screws were not inserted); Condition B (DOC implant without fins was placed and bone screws were inserted); and Condition C (DOC implant with fins were placed against the superior endplate and bone screws were inserted). Specimens were tested by applying a pure axial compressive load to the superior platform of the DOC construct, and load-displacement data were collected. Condition C specimens had the greatest stiffness (459 ± 80 N/mm) and yield load (526±168 N). Condition A specimens were the least stiff (266±53 N/mm), and had the smallest yield loads (180±54 N). The yield load of condition A plus condition B was approximately equal to that of condition C, with condition A contributing about one-third and condition B contributing two-thirds of the overall load-bearing capacity. Although the screws alone contributed to a substantial portion of axial load-bearing ability, the addition of the fins further increased load-bearing capabilities.