Abstract

Grey-matter abnormalities at the cortical surface and regional brain size were mapped by high-resolution MRI and surface-based, computational image analytical techniques in a group of 27 children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 46 controls, matched by age and sex, at the University of California at Los Angeles.

Highlights

  • Grey-matter abnormalities at the cortical surface and regional brain size were mapped by high-resolution MRI and surface-based, computational image analytical techniques in a group of 27 children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 46 controls, matched by age and sex, at the University of California at Los Angeles

  • Significant structural cortical abnormalities were noted in patients with ADHD

  • The density of grey matter was increased in posterior aspects of the temporal lobes and inferior aspects of the parietal lobes bilaterally. These dorsolateral, prefrontal, lateral temporal, and parietal regions serve as association areas for integration of information from lower order sensory systems into higher order percepts and functions. These cortical regions and connections are important in the maintenance of attentional focus and the inhibitory control of distracting behavioral impulses, functions that are disrupted in children with ADHD

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Summary

Introduction

Grey-matter abnormalities at the cortical surface and regional brain size were mapped by high-resolution MRI and surface-based, computational image analytical techniques in a group of 27 children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 46 controls, matched by age and sex, at the University of California at Los Angeles. Significant structural cortical abnormalities were noted in patients with ADHD. These cortical regions and connections are important in the maintenance of attentional focus and the inhibitory control of distracting behavioral impulses, functions that are disrupted in children with ADHD.

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Conclusion

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