Corrigendum to ″Schmidingerothrix salinarum nov. spec. isthe Molecular Sister of the Large Oxytrichid Clade (Ciliophora, Hypotricha) by Foissner et al. 2014″.

A group of 19 authors (Dubois et al. 2013) recently raised concerns about the latest Amendment to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 2012a,b,c), that allows new names and other nomenclatural acts to gain legislative acceptance (become “available”) from publications issued and distributed electronically. Two editorials by publishers have already responded to some of the concerns (Anonymous 2013, Harold et al. 2013); some others will be dealt with here. Technological advances in electronic scientific communication have had a dramatic effect on scientific research and publication in recent years. Addressing this, and following a four-year period of public discussion, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) voted to accept an Amendment to the 4th edition of the Code, thereby adapting the rules of zoological nomenclature to new realities of publication media and methods (ICZN 2012a,b,c). The Amendment dealt with the most important issues of publishing in an electronic world, but in all transitional times new regulatory guidelines may have difficulties keeping up with the rate of change. As mentioned by Harold et al. 2013, the “devil may be in the detail”, but it is a process that must nevertheless be started. The ICZN encourages all interested individuals and groups to participate in the discussion leading up to the 5th edition of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, whether by the ICZN e-mail discussion list, the 5th edition Wiki, Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature or through other media, to help make the next edition satisfy the needs of the community.

Following four years of highly charged debate the rules for publication of scientific names of animals have been changed to allow electronic publications to meet the requirements of the stringent International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. In a landmark decision, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) has passed an amendment to its rules that will accept an electronic-only publication as ‘legitimate’ if it meets criteria of archiving and the publication is registered on the ICZN’s official online registry, ZooBank. A brief discussion of the amendment is available from: Zootaxa : http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/list/2012/3450.html Zookeys: http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/3944/

International Code of Zoological Nomenclature Adopted by the XV International Congress of Zoology. Editorial Committee: N. R. Stoll (Chairman), R. Ph. Dollfus, J. Forest, N. D. Riley, C. W. Sabrosky, C. W. Wright and R. V. Melville (Secretary). Published for the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature by the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London. Pp. i-xvii + 1 + 176, 8 vo, cloth. Published [6 November] 1961. Obtainable from Int. Trust for Zool. Nomenclature, 19 Belgrave Square, London, S.W. 1, England. Price, $3.00 postpaid. Get access International Code of Zoological Nomenclature Adopted by the XV International Congress of Zoology. Editorial Committee: N. R. Stoll (Chairman), R. Ph. Dollfus, J. Forest, N. D. Riley, C. W. Sabrosky, C. W. Wright and R. V. Melville (Secretary). Published for the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature by the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London. Pp, i-xvii + 1 + 176, 8 vo, cloth. Published [6 November] 1961. Obtainable from Int. Trust for Zool. Nomenclature, 19 Belgrave Square, London, S.W. 1, England. Price, $3.00 postpaid. E. Raymond Hall E. Raymond Hall Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Mammalogy, Volume 43, Issue 2, 29 May 1962, Pages 284–286, https://doi.org/10.2307/1377122 Published: 29 May 1962

Zoological nomenclature is the obligate medium by which we communicate taxonomic information, and a series of precise nomenclatural rules are designed to minimize confusion and ambiguity. The longest used, internationally applicable system of nomenclature is “Linnaean Nomenclature” (LN) (Polaszek & Wilson 2005), which has provided a stable platform capable of simultaneously designating discrete taxa and conveying their phylogenetic relationships, through the use of scientific names (nomina; Dubois 2000). Precise adherence to the rules of nomenclature as defined by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is all the more important today when zoologists have millions of taxa to name. The recent importation of exogenous practices into LN is both confusing and inacceptable under the rules of the ICZN. Such practices include the use of a prefix Pan- in the family-series nomenclature. The nomenclature of all taxa from rank subspecies to superfamily is regulated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN Code; Anonymous 1999). This means that all zoologists who endorse LN should use nomina complying with the rules of the ICZN Code for taxa of all ranks, including those from superfamily to subtribe and additional intermediate ranks of the nominal family group, also called family-series. However, some recent publications using LN do not follow the ICZN Code in several respects, concerning in particular (1) the rules of formation of nomina and (2) their authorship and date. Recent articles involving fossil birds (Smith 2011, 2013; Smith & Mayr 2013), explicitly or implicitly following the ICZN Code, illustrate both problems, representative of these recent practices. We wish to emphasize that our comments are in no way criticisms directed toward the core information of these studies, otherwise extremely useful, but rather a more general and formal invitation to follow more closely the ICZN Code. We found few other published examples of similar practice concerning birds (“Pan-Apodidae” in Mayr & Manegold 2002, also used by Ksepka et al. 2013; “Pan-Trochilidae” in Mayr & Manegold 2002 and Mayr 2007; “Pan-Hemiprocnidae” in Mayr & Manegold 2002; for articles published in a LN frame). We use hereafter the “Pan-Alcidae” example.

The PhyloCode: naming of biodiversity at a crossroads

Andrew Polaszek and colleagues propose an open-access web-register for animal names, which they believe is vital to move taxonomy into the twenty-first century. The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (the fourth edition is online at http://www.iczn.org/iczn/index.jsp ) was established to bring order to the naming of animal species. It is administered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), a body set up in 1895 to take on the task on behalf of all zoologists. In this issue of Nature, ICZN executive secretary Andrew Polaszek, together with representatives of many of the world's major natural history museums, argues the case for a major upgrade to the ‘Code’ for its next edition. ZooBank would be a web-based open-access resource, bolstered by mandatory registration for new names. ICZN has started a year-long consultation with a view to having ZooBank up and running for the 250th anniversary of Linnaeus' system of animal nomenclature in 2008.

Zoologica ScriptaVolume 36, Issue 6 p. 623-623 Free Access Corrigendum This article corrects the following: Notothrix halsei gen. n., sp. n., representative of a new family of freshwater cladocerans (Branchiopoda, Anomopoda) from SW Australia, with a discussion of ancestral traits and a preliminary molecular phylogeny of the order Kay Van Damme, Russell J. Shiel, H. J. Dumont, Volume 36Issue 5Zoologica Scripta pages: 465-487 First Published online: September 4, 2007 First published: 01 October 2007 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2007.00304.xCitations: 2AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Gondwanotrichidae nom. nov. pro Nototrichidae Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 The authors (Van Damme et al.) of the paper ‘Notothrix halsei gen. n., sp. n., representative of a new family of freshwater cladocerans (Branchiopoda, Anomopoda) from SW Australia, with a discussion of ancestral traits and a preliminary molecular phylogeny of the order’ have alerted us to an error in their paper. The correction follows: In the previous issue of Zoologica Scripta [36(5): 465–487], we described a new monotypic family of Anomopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) from SW Australia and named it as the Nototrichidae. However, the name of the type genus Notothrix Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 turns out to be a junior homonym of the turbellarian genus Notothrix Hickman, 1955. Although the taxon described by Hickman (1955) was later synonymized with Umagilla Wahl, 1909 (Cannon 1987), this name remains available and therefore Notothrix Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 is a junior homonym. As Notothrix Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 is the type genus of the Nototrichidae Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007, the family name too becomes invalid, according to Article 39 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999): ‘The name of a family group taxon is invalid if the name of its type genus is a junior homonym ...’. There are no synonyms for the type genus of the Nototrichidae. Therefore, we propose a new replacement name (nomen novum) for both the genus and the family. This is a strict nomenclatural issue that has further no effects on the content of the original paper. Family Gondwanotrichidae nom. nov. pro Nototrichidae Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007; diagnosis and description as in original publication. Type genus. Gondwanothrix nom. nov. pro Notothrix Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007 non Hickman, 1955. Type species. Notothrix halsei Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007. = Gondwanothrix halsei (Van Damme, Shiel & Dumont, 2007). Etymology. The name ‘Gondwanothrix’ consists of the prefix ‘Gondwano-’, referring to Gondwanaland, the supercontinent of the southern hemisphere that existed until its break-up in the Mesozoic, as we believe that this is one of the most primitive extant anomopods, dating back at least to that era (Van Damme et al. 2007). The word ‘thrix’ refers to the long setae on the posteroventral valve corner and the long spines on the postabdomen; the epitheton ‘halsei’ remains. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Steve Tracey and Dr Andrew Polaszek at the ICZN Secretariat for help and constructive advice. References Cannon, L. R. G. (1987). Two new rhabdocoel turbellarians, Umagilla pacifica sp. n. and U. karlingi sp. n. (Umagillidae), endosymbiotic with holothurians (Echinodermata) from the Great Barrier Reef and a discussion of sclerotic structures in the female system of the Umagillidae. Zoologica Scripta, 16 (4), 297– 303. Wiley Online LibraryWeb of Science®Google Scholar Hickman, V. V. (1955). Two new rhabdocoel turbellarians parasitic in Tasmania holothurians. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 89, 81– 97. Google Scholar International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1999). International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4th edn. Published by the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, c/o The Natural History Museum, London, UK. URL: http://www.iczn.org/iczn/index.jsp . Google Scholar Van Damme, K., Shiel, R. J. & Dumont, H. J. (2007). Notothrix halsei gen. n., sp. n., representative of a new family of freshwater cladocerans (Branchiopoda, Anomopoda) from SW Australia, with a discussion of ancestral traits and a preliminary molecular phylogeny of the order. Zoologica Scripta, 36 (5), 465– 487. Wiley Online LibraryWeb of Science®Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume36, Issue6November 2007Pages 623-623 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Sabine Steghaus-Kovac's News Focus article “Researchers cash in on personalized species names” (21 Jan., p. [421][1]) draws attention to BIOPAT, an organization formed by several well-known German institutions to promote the selling of new taxonomic names of animals and plants. BIOPAT's Web site carries illustrations of newly recognized species of (among other organisms) frogs, bees, and orchids and invites both individuals and corporations to name them for a fee of several thousand dollars per taxon. A similar plan already exists in Australia. Many thousands of new species are described and named every year, so the potential global income would be millions of dollars; the resource of names for cash is almost inexhaustible, even though many kinds of organisms would be unattractive to name-sponsors. We wish to make some comments on this situation. We are the president, past-president, and secretary of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), but ICZN has not yet discussed the issue and we write in our personal capacities. However, ICZN has been asked to address the subject. BIOPAT plans to divide the revenue between the institution hosting the taxonomic research and biodiversity conservation efforts in the country from which the organism comes, but it seems likely that name-selling would soon spread to those whose intention is simply their own financial gain. This has already occurred for some names of asteroids and stars, but those names do not have official international status and little harm is caused other than to the wealth of the “purchaser.” The situation is different for a biological taxon: The scientific name is the unique label that enables a species to be referred to without ambiguity. Name-selling could lead to spurious taxonomy because many vendors could “discover” species and invent genera for profit. To do so would be easy: compose a description of any animal or plant, designate a name-bearing type, ensure that the relevant code of nomenclature is complied with, advertise, and await offers. Although many such names would not be universally recognized, they would all irreversibly obscure science and hinder conservation efforts and other initiatives. We note that the authorship of names bestowed for cash might often give rise to nomenclatural uncertainty, especially because under the nomenclature codes, impersonal (corporate) authorship disqualifies a name from biological nomenclature. On the other hand, the temptation to sell names is understandable. The proposals of BIOPAT and others are a striking departure from scientific tradition, but they reflect, and attempt to provide some local relief from, a very real problem—namely, the financial difficulties faced not only by the institutions contemplating name-selling, but also by taxonomy and other branches of biology. We hope that these plans will be abandoned, but we also hope that, by their proposal, they will focus attention on the need for more orthodox and less harmful means of support. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.287.5452.421

Holthuis (1995) commented that there were two forms that have been referred to the widespread Indo-West Pacific Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879), and they should be recognized as subspecies: M. rosenbergii rosenbergii (De Man, 1897) sensu stricto (eastern Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia and Philippines), and M. rosenbergii dacqueti (Sunier, 1925) (Sundaic Southeast Asia, Indochina and South Asia). Wowor & Ng (2007) argued that the two subspecies should be regarded as distinct species – M. rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) and M. dacqueti (Sunier, 1925). They showed that the two species, in addition to their non-overlapping distributions, can be distinguished by the relative height of the rostral base, spination of the second to fifth pereiopods in adults, shape of the fourth thoracic sternite as well as live coloration. However, in doing so, Wowor & Ng (2007) created a major nomenclatural problem, as the species that is widely fished in South and Southeast Asia as well as Indochina, and also extensively cultured throughout the world should actually be known as M. dacqueti and not M. rosenbergii. To minimize taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion, they noted that it would be preferable if the name “M. rosenbergii” could be retained for the commercially more valuable and extensively researched species from Southeast Asia. To this effect, Wowor & Ng (2008) requested the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) to use its plenary powers to set aside the previous type fixation for Palaemon rosenbergii De Man, 1879 (a holotype female from Andai, New Guinea, in the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, catalogue number RMNH D 1097) and to designate the lectotype specimen of Palaemon dacqueti Sunier, 1925 (a male specimen from Java, Indonesia, in the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, catalogue number RMNH D 1065), as its neotype. This would conserve the name Palaemon rosenbergii De Man, 1879, for the Southeast Asian species. The Commission agreed and ruled that this be done (ICZN 2010, Opinion 2253).

Fil: Scrocchi Manfrini, Gustavo Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico - Tucuman. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo; Argentina

224 INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE The following application dealing partly with Crustacea was published on 27 June 1991 in vol. 48 part 2 of the Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, pp. 107-134. Comment or advice on this application is invited for publication in the Bulletin and should be sent to the Executive Secretary, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, c/o The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K. Case 2292. Histoire abr6g6e des insectes qui se trouvent aux environs de Paris (Geoffroy, 1762): proposed conservation of some generic names (Crustacea and Insecta), by 1. M. Kerzhner, Zoological Institute, Academy

The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) proposes amendments to its Constitution and solicits constructive feedback from the zoological community. In compliance with the Constitution, the proposed amendments are made broadly available, and there will be a one-year period for submission of comments starting on 30 April 2020. The amendments may be modified in the light of the comments, before the final version is voted on by the Commissioners.

BackgroundIn a recent paper, we described a new sponge species named Hemimycale mediterranea Uriz, Garate & Agell, 2017. However, we failed to designate a holotype and a type locality, as required by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). Although the validity of the previous conclusions remains unchanged, the species name cannot be considered available according to ICZN regulations until a holotype is designated.ResultsThe present work fulfills the requirements of the ICZN by designating a holotype, three paratypes and the type locality for the new species Hemimycale mediterranea and has been registered in ZooBank.

Journal of ZoologyVolume 210, Issue 2 p. i-ii INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE P. K. Tubbs, P. K. Tubbs Executive SecretarySearch for more papers by this author P. K. Tubbs, P. K. Tubbs Executive SecretarySearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1986.tb03628.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume210, Issue2October 1986Pages i-ii RelatedInformation

Journal of ZoologyVolume 213, Issue 1 p. i-ii INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE First published: September 1987 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1987.tb03669.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume213, Issue1September 1987Pages i-ii RelatedInformation