Correlations of Self-Reported Androgen Deficiency in Ageing Males (ADAM) with Stress and Sleep among Young Adult Males.

Camille Charlier,Melissa Olfert,Geoffrey Greene,Makenzie Barr,Sarah Colby

doi:10.3390/healthcare6040121

Abstract

Androgen deficiency in males has traditionally been predominantly limited to older men aged 50+ years. However, little is known of the correlation between hormonal disruption, stress, and sleep in college-aged males. This cross-sectional study investigates lifestyle behavior patterns in young men and a screening for potential androgen deficiency. A survey of 409 male students, as part of a larger USDA-funded GetFruved study, was analyzed for this subproject. Survey instruments used include the Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male Questionnaire (ADAM) to assess for inadequate ADAM scores, the Perceived Stress Scale to measure stress levels and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to evaluate sleep quality. In total, 144 male participants (35%) met criteria for potential androgen deficiency defined by the ADAM questionnaire. Correlation was found between having a positive ADAM score and both increased stress levels (p < 0.001) and poor sleep quality (p < 0.001), with stress displaying the strongest effect (p < 0.001 vs p = 0.124). An increased prevalence of having a positive ADAM score versus established norms for this age group was also noted. These findings highlight the need for investigation of endocrine disruptions in young men.

Highlights

It is known that male androgen deficiency is more predominant among older-men, with prevalence rates of 34% for men in their 60s, 91% for men in their 80s, and less than 5% in males aged 20–29 [1]
GetFruved study to examine if potential androgen deficiency, sleep, and stress are related via self-reported questionnaires
Discussion young adult men, there a correlation between a positive score indicating a In In young adult men, there waswas a correlation between a positive score indicating a potential potential androgen deficiency and both increased stress levels and poor sleep quality, with stress androgen deficiency increased stress levelsbetween and poor quality, withscore stressindicating displaying

Summary

Introduction

It is known that male androgen deficiency is more predominant among older-men, with prevalence rates of 34% for men in their 60s, 91% for men in their 80s, and less than 5% in males aged 20–29 [1]. Healthcare 2018, 6, 121 with T2DM, hypogonadism prevalence is estimated to be 33–50% [7] These trends are concerning in younger demographics which have experienced significant increases in obesity rates in the past fifteen years. In male patients with androgen deficiency and T2DM, a disorder itself with a high prevalence of male hypogonadism [11,12], similar treatment yielded decreased subcutaneous fat and increased lean mass, it improved insulin sensitivity [13]. Male teenagers with decreased stress resilience, or reduced ability to successfully cope with an issue, have been shown to be at increased risk of developing T2DM in adulthood, even when accounting for traditional risk factors such as BMI and family history [19]. The relationships among having a potential androgen deficiency, sleep, and stress in young adult males are unknown. GetFruved study to examine if potential androgen deficiency, sleep, and stress are related via self-reported questionnaires

Materials and Methods

Participants withwith positive scores selfFigure

Findings

Discussion