Abstract
In this paper, focusing on the study of entropy generation (EGN), the convection flow of an eco-friendly nanofluid (N-F) in a rectangular enclosure is studied numerically. The nanoparticles (N-Ps) used are silver N-P, which are obtained in an eco-friendly manner from natural materials. By suspending these N-Ps in an equal mixture of water and ethylene glycol (E-G), the N-F has been prepared. There are two constant-temperature triangular obstacles with height w and base H that are placed on the hot wall. There is a magnetic field (M-F) in the x-direction. To simulate the N-F flow, eco-friendly N-P relations are used, and the equations are solved using the volume control method and the SIMPLE algorithm. The variables include Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), H, W, and the volume fraction of silver N-Ps. The effect of these parameters is evaluated on the EGN and Bejan number (Be). Finally, a correlation is expressed for the EGN for a range of variables. The most important results of this paper demonstrate that the addition of silver eco-friendly N-Ps intensifies the EGN so that the addition of 3% of N-Ps enhances the EGN by 3.8%. An increment in the obstacle length reduces the Be barrier while increasing the Ha, which enhances the Be when the convection is strong. Increasing the height of the obstacle intensifies entropy generation.
Highlights
In recent years, researchers have paid more attention to nanotechnology
The number of vortices from two to four vortices is another effect of changing Rayleigh number (Ra) and Hartmann number (Ha) on the velocity field
The triangular blades were installed on the bottom of the enclosure when a magnetic field (M-F) was applied in the x-direction
Summary
Researchers have paid more attention to nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has applications in many industries, including medicine, aerospace, military, construction, food, heat transfer, renewable energy, etc. [1,2,3,4,5]. Nanotechnology has applications in many industries, including medicine, aerospace, military, construction, food, heat transfer, renewable energy, etc. N-Fs are widely used in heat transfer industries [6,7,8,9,10]. One of the important applications of nanofluids is their use in closed enclosures, which are used to enhance the improvement of thermal and refrigeration equipment [11,12,13,14,15]. Ghasemi and Aminossadati [16] investigated the effect of N-Fs in a square enclosure. They changed the percentage of N-Ps in the base fluid and found that a higher volume percentage leads to more heat transfer in the enclosure
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