Correlation of transforming growth factor beta‐1 gene polymorphisms C‐509T and T869C and the risk of gastric cancer in China

Abstract

As an important cytokine that modulate the cell cycle, the involvement of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) in carcinogenesis has been extensively studied for many years. Literatures have demonstrated that TGF-beta1 gene polymorphisms may alter the risk of various cancers, such as lung, prostate and breast. To investigate whether polymorphisms of the TGF-beta1 gene can modify the risk of gastric cancer, we conduct this hospital-based, case-control study. One hundred and sixty-seven cases and 193 gender, age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. TGF-beta1 polymorphisms C-509T and T + 869C were identified by PCR-RFLP and ARMS-PCR protocols, respectively. Significantly different distributions of both genes were demonstrated between the case and control. Variant genotypes -509CT, -509TT, +869TC and +869CC were associated with increased risk of gastric cancer (P = 0.001, OR = 2.54; P = 0.016, OR = 2.09; P < 0.001, OR = 3.46; P < 0.001, OR = 4.04, respectively). With haplotype analysis, wild type CT (-509C and +869T) led to a lower frequency in case than that in control (P < 0.001), while haplotype TC was more frequent in case than in control (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with haplotype TC had an increased likelihood of developing gastric cancer (OR = 3.19, 95%CI = 1.72-5.90). Our findings imply that -509C > T and +869T > C gene polymorphisms in TGF-beta1 may be a critical risk factor of genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer in the Chinese population.