Correlation of Tibetan Plateau residents’ non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, central retinal thickness and function

Abstract

Objective To observe the effects of central retinal thickness of function among high altitude Tibetan residents with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Methods Ninety cases (180 eyes) of both Tibetan plateau residents (high altitude group) and Han Chinese residents in low altitude (low altitude group) with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients were selected from January 2015 to June 2016, excluding the central retina significant bleeding, oozing and significant other retinopathy. Based on the thickness of central retinal by optical coherence tomography (OCT, cirrus400 Zeiss) examination (center 1mm, 1-3mm, 3-6mm straight by range), patients from different altitudes were re-divided into two groups of normal central retinal thickness group and abnormal group with 45 patients (90) of each group. Function of central retinal thickness of the patients were observed including ERG data, angiography data, f-ERG in dark-adapted rod, the mixed reaction cones, cone response, flashing light 30Hs reaction, VEP indicators and correlation between these were observed and analyzed. Results Central retinal thickness of the normal central retinal average thickness of 276.4-304.9 um; high altitude group central retinal thickness of normal and abnormal group Max-R (dark-adapted rod maximal response and the mixed reaction cones) a amplitudes, Max-R b amplitudes, cone-R (cone response) a wave amplitude, cone-R b amplitudes, 30Hs blinking light reaction P1 wave amplitude decreased (F=3.716, 6.524, 3.825, 4.59, 7.52, P=0.03, 0.00, 0.03, 0.04, 0.00); PVEP of P100 latency (F=9.35, P=0.00), P100 amplitude was significantly lower (F=7.15, P=0.00); low altitude population centers retinal thickness normal and abnormal group Max-R (dark adaptation reaction was mixed reaction largest rod and cone cells) a amplitude value, Max-R b amplitudes, cone-R (cone response) a amplitudes, Cone-R b amplitudes, 30Hs blinking light reaction P1 wave amplitude decreased (F=3.56, 5.42, 4.25, 5.12, 6.52, P=0.03, 0.02, 0.03, 0.02, 0.00); PVEP of P100 latency (F=2.19, P=0.10), P100 amplitude was significantly lower F=9.85, P=0.00); central retinal thickness normal high altitude group Compare Max-Ra amplitudes and reduced low altitude group FERG (F=1.796, P=0.08), Max-R b wave amplitude decrease F=3.114, P=0.03), Cone-Ra amplitude value decreased (F=3.758, P=0.04), Cone-R b wave amplitude decrease (F=3.714, P=0.03), 30Hs scintillation light reaction P1 wave amplitude decrease (F=3.718, P=0.03); PVEP of P100 latency (F=2.11, P=0.10), P100 amplitude was significantly reduced (F=10.15, P=0.00). central retinal thickness abnormal high altitude and low altitude cluster group FERG Compare Max-R, a wave amplitude decrease is not obvious (F=2.792, P=0.06), Max-R b wave amplitude decrease (F=6.485, P=0.00), Cone-R a wave amplitude decrease (F=3.518, P=0.03), Cone-R b wave amplitude decrease (F=3.724, P=0.03), 30Hs scintillation light reaction P1 wave amplitude decreased (F=4.812, P=0.02); P100 latency changes PVEP not obvious (F=8.49, P=0.00), P100 wave amplitude value fell significantly (F=1.72, P=0.09). Conclusions After the Tibetan plateau residents and non-residents of low-lying Han proliferative diabetic retinopathy retinal thickness changes in the eye center, cones function has a more significant damage, central retinal morphological changes accompanied by a significant change in macular function. Key words: Diabetic retinopathy; Central retinal thickness; Central function; Clinical Observation