Correlation of the plasma levels of soluble RAGE and endogenous secretory RAGE with oxidative stress in pre-diabetic patients

Abstract

BackgroundSoluble RAGE (sRAGE), endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) and oxidative stress played important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. The changes in sRAGE and esRAGE during pre-diabetes were indefinite. MethodsPatients were divided into NGT, pre-diabetes (pre-DM), and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) groups according to blood glucose levels. The levels of sRAGE, esRAGE, 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and other related indicators were then assessed. ResultssRAGE and esRAGE in the pre-DM and DM groups were significantly lower than in the NGT group (p<0.05). In the pre-DM group, sRAGE was positively correlated with esRAGE (r=0.382, P=0.007), and negatively correlated with homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), MDA, and 8-iso-PGF2α (r=−0.314, −0.313, and −0.34, P=0.028, 0.028, and 0.016, respectively). The concentration of esRAGE was positively correlated with sRAGE and TAOC (r=0.382 and 0.598, and P=0.007, <0.001), and negatively correlated with MDA (r=−0.397, P=0.005). ConclusionsChanges in sRAGE, esRAGE, and oxidative stress occurred in pre-diabetic patients. sRAGE and esRAGE might play an essential role in the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. The significant findings of the studyChanges in sRAGE, esRAGE, and oxidative stress occurred in pre-diabetic patients. This study addssRAGE, esRAGE, and oxidative stress are altered early during pre-diabetes. sRAGE and esRAGE may have played different roles in the balance between oxidative stress and the antioxidant defense.