Correlation of plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D level with angiographic severity in coronary artery disease

Abstract

IntroductionOver the past decade, numerous non-skeletal diseases have been reported to be associated with vitamin D deficiency including coronary artery disease (CAD). Several factors such as dyslipidemia, diabetes and hypertension have a determining role in cardiovascular disease. In recent years, the effect of vitamin D deficiency on cardiovascular (CV) disease has been emphasized. CAD is a major public health problem worldwide. This study correlates plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25(OH)Vit D] level with angiographic severity (Gensini score) in CAD. This study compares vitamin D levels in CAD patients with the control group. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 25(OH)Vit D level was compared in 300 individuals including 230 people with confirmed coronary heart disease (cases) and 70 people with normal angiogram (controls). 25(OH)Vit D was assessed using standard protocol. The level of 25(OH)Vit D under 20ng/mL was determined as cutoff point for deficiency. ResultsThe mean 25(OH)Vit D levels of cases and controls were calculated and they were 15.2±8.2 and 19.9±8.7ng/mL respectively. The mean 25(OH)Vit D level was higher in controls and was statistically significant (p=0.02). The calculated odds ratio between cases and controls was 1.67 (CI 0.39–4.84). There was no correlation between increasing severity of coronary artery disease with 25(OH)Vit D levels (r=−0.10; and p=0.08). ConclusionsVitamin D deficiency is a relatively common disorder. Risk of cardiovascular disease in people with vitamin D deficiency is almost 1.7 times of those with normal levels of vitamin D. To confirm the casual relationship between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease, larger studies are suggested.