Abstract
Objectives:To investigate the patterns of bone marrow involvement in in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) patients and to correlate the patterns with β2 microglobulin (β2m) and lactate dehydrogenase 2 (LD2) levels in these patients.Methods:It was a cross sectional study which was conducted in two years at Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore and at Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), Lahore. The study was conducted on 50 subjects irrespective of age and sex divided into two groups i.e. Group-A comprising 20 normal healthy controls while Group-B consisted of 30 patients of NHL with bone marrow infiltration. Bilateral bone marrow trephine biopsy was done to assess the patterns of bone marrow infiltration. Serum β2m and LD2 isoenzyme levels were determined in already diagnosed 30 patients of NHL. The values were compared with 20 healthy age and sex matched controls. Correlation coefficients were determined using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient. The estimations were made prior to the institution of chemotherapy.Results:β2m and LD2 levels were significantly (p-Value < 0.05) raised in NHL patients with disease advancement and were compared with controls. These serological markers showed negative correlation (-0.235 for β2m and -0.133 for LD2) with the spread of disease and patterns of involvement in NHL patients.Conclusion:By observing the patterns of bone marrow involvement in NHL patients possible guidelines about prognosis and treatment protocols can be obtained as the serological markers levels correlate well with the spread of disease and patterns of involvement in NHL patients.
Highlights
Lymphomas represent clonal malignancies of lymphoreticular system in which the majority of the cells are frozen at a single stage of normal differentiation.[1]
Two broad types of lymphomas are named as HD and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL).[2]
In NHL patients diffuse pattern of bone marrow infiltration was the commonest being observed in 14 (46%) cases followed by interstitial infiltration in 10(33%) cases
Summary
Lymphomas represent clonal malignancies of lymphoreticular system in which the majority of the cells are frozen at a single stage of normal differentiation.[1] Two broad types of lymphomas are named as HD and NHL.[2]. Cancer is a group of over 100 diseases, all of which start with the growth of abnormal cells. Instead of dying in the normal cell life cycle, cancerous cells continue to divide into new abnormal cells, and grow out of control.[3] The malignant behavior such as how aggressive or slow growing it might be is determined by cell type and pattern, a kind of mutation and sometimes by host environment. Cell types are primarily determined by histology. The size, nuclear and cellular features of lymphoma cells allow the identification of lymphoma by its
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