Correlation of optical and structural properties of GaN/AlN core-shell nanowires

Abstract

We analyze the correlation between the structural and optical properties of GaN/AlN coherent core-shell nanowire heterostructures, with different AlN shell thicknesses. The presence of an AlN shell induces a nearly uniaxial compressive strain in the core ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{\mathit{zz}}^{c}$ oriented along the nanowire axis, which translates into a blueshift of the photoluminescence. The dependence of the photoluminescence shift on the uniaxial strain is experimentally established on the basis of correlated microphotoluminescence and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy on a large number of single nanowires. The results confirm the crossing of ${X}_{A}$ and ${X}_{C}$ exciton energies at ${\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}_{\mathit{zz}}^{c}=0.35%\ensuremath{-}0.5%$, with a shell-to-core volume ratio ${V}_{\mathrm{AlN}}$/${V}_{\mathrm{GaN}}$$=$0.1--0.15, as predicted by the elastic theory for purely uniaxial strain.