Abstract
Preeclampsia is still a major cause of maternal death in pregnancy which needs efforts to prevent and early detection. Nitric oxide and Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone has an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia to determine differences in concentrations of NO and CRH in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia, as well as to study the correlation both on the incidence of preeclampsia. This is a cross sectional study. Blood samples obtained from patients with preeclampsia (30 samples) and normal pregnancies as controls (30 samples) in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria. NO concentration was examined with essay protocol, and CRH concentrations with ELISA method. Then be calculated by statistical analysis: chi square, t test, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman Rank correlation coefficient. Based on statistical analysis, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) from the characteristics of maternal age, pregnancy weeks, and parity in both study groups, so the two groups of homogeneous and comparable. The mean concentration of NO in preeclampsia was lower (3.780 μM) compared with normal pregnancy (13.360 μM). There was significant correlation between NO and CRH concentrations in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia (p < 0.001). The involvement of NO/c-GMP pathway is very possible in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Highlights
Nitric oxide and Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone has an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia to determine differences in concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia, as well as to study the correlation both on the incidence of preeclampsia
Another theory states that preeclampsia occurs because the inflammatory cascade, which causes the release of a variety of peptides by the placenta and some of the peptide can be a marker for predicting the incidence of preeclampsia, the peptide include the corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), chorionic gonadotropin, Activin A and Inhibin A [1] [33]
The test results x2 and t test with a confidence level of 95% for maternal characteristics p value
Summary
The theory most often discussed begins with endothelial damage which would stimulate the activity of platelets to perform adhesion, aggregation and release reaction [19] [20] This event will end with decreasing levels of vasodilator substances such as prostacyclin and nitric oxide (NO), otherwise known as endothelium derived relaxing factor and increased vasoconstrictor substances such as thromboxane and endothelia [21]. NO is involved in almost all areas of bio-regulation and medical [22] Another theory states that preeclampsia occurs because the inflammatory cascade, which causes the release of a variety of peptides by the placenta and some of the peptide can be a marker for predicting the incidence of preeclampsia, the peptide include the corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), chorionic gonadotropin, Activin A and Inhibin A [1] [33]. Besides trying to find a good screening connecting it with the incidence of preeclampsia seen from the NO/c-GMP, as well as a decrease in the inflammatory process vasodilator substances by measuring the levels of NO and CRH relationship between normal pregnancies with preeclampsia
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