Correlation of Mammographic Breast Density (MD) And Background Parenchymal Enhancement (BPE) With Various Factors Especially Receptor Status In Pakistani Population.

Abstract

Importance: Breast is one of the most common causes of malignancy-related mortality all over the world accounting for more than 5 million deaths per year. Mammographic dense breast tissue is one of the most common problems in diagnosing breast CA in females. It increases the risk of breast CA up to five times and is also associated with larger tumor size, axillary lymph node involvement, higher stage of tumor owing to delay in the diagnosis. Background parenchymal enhancement is seen on MRI breast after administration of contrast. The level of BPE is variable among different age groups being higher in young women. It is affected by several factors including age, hormone levels, menstrual cycle phase. Objective: This study was done to investigate the correlation between mammographic breast density (MGD) and background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI with receptor status in our population. Materials and methods: It is a retrospective study conducted at the women imaging department of Shaukat Khanum memorial cancer hospital from January 2013 till January 2019All the newly diagnosed breast cancer patients age 20 to 70 years, with dense mammograms who underwent MR imaging prior to treatment will be included. The MR imaging detection rate of additional malignant cancers occult to mammography and ultrasound will be calculated. Data will be analyzed according to the following parameters: histopathological features of the index tumor and mammographic density. The histopathological examination will be taken as the gold standard. The data will be compiled and analyzed using SPSS Conclusion: High mammographic density and increased BPE are independent risk factors for the development of breast cancer. Exposure to hormones influences the BPE grade and thus is associated with increased risk of breast CA with a positive correlation between increased MGD and high BPE with both estrogen and progesterone receptors. Keywords: Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) mammographic density (MD), MRI, Breast cancer (CA)