Correlation of Interleukin-18 and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein with Perioperative Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Ankle Fracture

Abstract

In the present study, we aimed to inspect the correlation of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), if any present, with the occurrence of perioperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients suffering from an ankle fracture (AF). Sixty-seven AF patients with complicated DVT (DVT group) and 448 AF patients without DVT (non-DVT group) were enrolled in the present study. To begin with, hemorheological indexes were detected. Turbidimetric immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used for the determination of the expressions of hs-CRP and IL-18, respectively. Coagulation method was used to detect prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen, and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors for DVT occurrence in AF patients after operation. The results revealed that the DVT group presented an increased expression of hs-CRP and IL-18 1day before operation and 1, 3, and 7days after operation in comparison with the non-DVT group. The DVT group also had increased levels of PT, APTT, and prolonged TT and fibrinogen at 3 and 7days after operation compared to the non-DVT group. After operation, it was observed that the patients in the DVT group had increased plasma viscosity, whole blood reduced viscosity, red blood cell (RBC) aggregation index, RBC deformation index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and declined erythrocrit. The independent risk factors for the occurrence of DVT were identified to be high-energy injury, TT, fibrinogen, hs-CRP, and IL-18 in AF patients after operation. Based on the results obtained from the study, it was concluded that AF patients with DVT have higher levels of IL-18 and hs-CRP expressions, which is associated with the occurrence and development of DVT. These results may be particularly useful for diagnosis and treatment on DVT occurrence in AF patients.