Abstract
The purpose of article is identification of an actual problem of psychological science: correlation of crises and a crisis experiences with and orientation of time perspective at the initial stage of training in institution of higher education. Methods. During the research the following psychodiagnostic methods are applied: the questionnaire of crisis experiences for student by V. R. Manukyan; a questionnaire of time perspective by F. Zimbardo in adaptation of A. Syrtsova, E. T. Sokolova, O. V. Mitina (ZTPI). Results and scientific novelty . Data on interrelation of crises and crisis experiences with an orientation of temporary prospect are obtained and analysed on the basis of representative selection of students in Novosibirsk State Medical University. Gender distinctions of crises behaviour of students are shown. It is established that temporary prospects «The negative past» and «The fatalistic present» correlate with all the crisis experiences of students at the initial stage of training in higher education institution. The temporary prospect «Future» has the return correlation with crisis experience «absence of the appreciably attractive purposes in the future», and the interrelation with crises is absent. In this regard the author proposes the correction procedure of psychological escort of first-year students. Practical significance. The research findings can be used by educational psychologists for psychological diagnostics of pupils, to search the reasons of their poor progress, during the developing and correction of programs of psychology and pedagogical escort of first-year students, in particular when writing the program of adaptive training in the centers of psychosocial maintenance of the trainees. Guidelines for a choice of the techniques and methods promoting overcoming of the problems connected with crisis of identity and biographic crises are given.
Highlights
It is established that temporary prospects «The negative past» and «The fatalistic present» correlate with all the crisis experiences of students at the initial stage of training in higher education institution
Guidelines for a choice of the techniques and methods promoting overcoming of the problems connected with crisis of identity and biographic crises are given
Сравнение выраженности кризисов и временной перспективы в группах юношей и девушек
Summary
During the research the following psychodiagnostic methods are applied: the questionnaire of crisis experiences for student by V. The temporary prospect «Future» has the return correlation with crisis experience «absence of the appreciably attractive purposes in the future», and the interrelation with crises is absent In this regard the author proposes the correction procedure of psychological escort of first-year students. С. Уоррелл высказали мнение, что перспектива времени есть познавательно-мотивационная конструкция, которая особенно отчетливо проявляется в юности [18], следовательно, данный возраст более всего подходит для изучения временной перспективы. Взаимосвязь кризисов, кризисных переживаний и направленности временнόй перспективы у студентов на начальном этапе обучения в вузе циональную деятельность [1, 8]. Мы выдвинули предположение о взаимообусловленности кризисных переживаний начального этапа обучения в вузе и направленности временной перспективы на прошлое и настоящее: чем больше выражены кризисы и кризисные переживания, тем больше усиливается направленность личности в прошлое и настоящее с негативной эмоциональной окраской этих периодов. Опросник содержит 5 шкал: «Позитивное прошлое», «Негативное прошлое», «Гедонистическое настоящее», «Фаталистическое настоящее» и «Будущее» – и состоит из 56 пунктов, которые оцениваются по 5-балльной шкале
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