Correlation between visceral adipose tissue and cardiac function in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective To investigate the correlation between visceral adipose tissue and cardiac function in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients aged 18 to 70 years were recruited between August 2015 and June 2016. According to body mass index (BMI), they were divided into normal weight group (18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m2), overweight group (24.0 kg/m2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m2), obesity group (BMI≥28.0 kg/m2). The visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass, VAT area were measured by dual energy X-ray, right ventricular anterior wall adipose tissue, apical adipose tissue and cardiac function [ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV)] were measured by cardiac color Doppler echocardiography. Analysis of variance and rank -sum test were used for comparison among these three groups, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of cardiac function. Results (1) A total of 142 patients [77 males, 65 females, aged 51(42,59) years, 3 cases were lost] were recruited in this study. They were divided into obesity group (n=48), overweight group (n=45) and normal weight group (n=46). There were significant differences in BMI, waist circumference, waist hip ratio, VAT mass, VAT area, right ventricular anterior wall adipose tissue, apical adipose tissue among these three groups (all P<0.05). (2)Univariate analysis showed that EF was correlated with BMI, waist circumference, VAT area, right ventricular anterior wall adipose tissue and apical adipose tissue (β=-0.023--0.590, all P<0.05), EDV was correlated with VAT area and apical adipose tissue (β=0.196, 4.357, both P<0.05), ESV was correlated with VAT area and apical adipose tissue (β=0.113, 2.675, both P<0.05). (3)Multiple linear regression analysis showed that with the 1 mm increase of apical adipose tissue in model Ⅰ (unadjusted) and model Ⅱ (adjusted by age and sex), EF decreased 0.590% and 0.645%, EDV increased 4.357% and 4.835%, ESV increased 2.675% and 2.931%, respectively. Conclusion BMI, waist circumference, VAT mass, VAT area, right ventricular anterior wall adipose tissue, apical adipose tissue are important factors affecting cardiac function. The apical adipose tissue has the greatest effect on cardiac function. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Newly diagnosed; Visceral adipose tissue; Epicardial adipose tissue; Cardiac function