Abstract
Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been recognised as a sustainable planning approach and that is typically designed for a whole city. Individual land use characteristics and the causations have often been ignored. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to explore the factors that influence the land use catchment area (LCA) characteristics at a station neighborhood level. First, it contributes a methodology to measure the LCA by introducing a new concept. The density gradient was introduced to generate the scale and compactness degree of each station. Second, it provides a theoretical framework for understanding the causes of different LCAs. The partial least squares (PLS) regression model was employed to explore the accessibility effects. By analysing density gradient curves, it reveals that stations grew to fit the negative exponential function. Regarding the scale and form degree of LCAs, the impact of accessibility before and after a station construction have been corroborated. Moreover, the effects of facilities function before construction, distance from main roads, and elevated stations have been emphasized. The results provide support for a more sophisticated concept of catchment area relating to land use at the level of an individual TOD station, while shedding light on the benefits of those engaged in the future design of TOD with due consideration of the local physical environments.
Highlights
Transit-oriented development (TOD) is an important approach for cities that are aiming for sustainability and smart growth
Detailed changes of land use as they relate to local environmental factors should not be ignored
The correlation result reveals that land use catchment area (LCA) with a large size and compact land use pattern tend to be exponentially distributed
Summary
Transit-oriented development (TOD) is an important approach for cities that are aiming for sustainability and smart growth. The catchment areas are usually considered at city scale rather than at the level of an individual station. Acceptable walking distance, widely known as the pedestrian catchment area (PCA), is often regarded as the key determinant of CA. TOD planning commonly addresses a distance from 400 m to 800 m (10 min walking time) as a de facto standard. Many studies have built upon the idea of PCA, discussing acceptable walking times and speeds in different build environments and transit trips [12,13,14]. For predicting travel demand such as ridership, variables including land use pattern, transit accessibility, and demographic background are often regarded as robust predictors [15,16,17]. Even in the same city, significant differences of CA results exist because of predictor selection, analysis method and model specification [3,4,18]
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