Correlation between Total Serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) in Allergic Diseases In Children

Abstract

Allergy, is a clinical expression of soluble factors like IgE, histamine or eosinophils found in serum or plasma of such patients. The products that are responsible for allergy are called as Allergens. Allergens normally induce IgE production which leads to type 1 hypersensitivity response on subsequent exposure to the same allergen. The target organs are mostly nose, lung, skin and gastrointestinal tract. Atopy is also considered as a triad of Atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. Raised serum IgE and AEC are proven indicators of allergic phenomenon. Various studies show relationship between serum Immunoglobulin E level and total eosinophil count in population suffering from allergic diseases. Serum total Immunoglobulin E, total eosinophil count and specific IgE are all helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases. Objectives: 1.To Evaluate Serum Total IgE level in Children with allergic diseases.2. To Evaluate Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) in children with allergic diseases.3. To Correlate Serum Total Immunoglobulin E Level and Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) with allergic diseases. Methodology: Cross sectional study with 100 children in the age group 2-12 years with nasopharyngeal allergies (like bronchial asthma and atopic rhinitis) and skin allergies (like atopic dermatitis, urticaria) ,eye allergies were enrolled and serum IgE levels and AEC levels was done. Results: In present study Absolute eosinophil count was raised in 58% of cases Serum IgE was raised in 54% of cases. In present study, of 58% cases with raised Absolute eosinophil count 81% (47 cases) showed raised serum IgE levels. Conclusion: Absolute eosinophil count and serum Total IgE has been considered as a significant marker of allergic state and can be used as a marker of allergic response in atopic individuals. Raised serum IgE and AEC are more in nasobronchial allergy as compare to other systemic allergies. The elevated level of serum Total IgE and Absolute Eosinophil Count both shows Significant Correlation thus can be considered as a dependable laboratory investigation in diagnosing and categorizing allergic diseases.