Correlation between stromal cell-derived factor 1 and the prognosis of transient ischemic attack

Abstract

Background: Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) (1) is a neurological dysfunction of transient cerebrovascular ischemia, which is more common in clinical practice. The risk of further progression to ischemic stroke after a higher TIA can be used as a strong early warning signal of cerebral infarction. Objectives: To explore the correlation between stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and the prognosis of TIA. Methods: A number of 65 patients with TIA were collected, the ABCD2 clinical risk prediction score was implemented, relevant tests and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed, and the SDF-1 was recorded in serum levels. End-point events were selected in patients after cerebral infarction in the short term. The statistical analysis method was used to evaluate TIA short-term development for the occurrence of cerebral infarction after risk, the severity of serum level of SDF-1, and infarction. Results: Based on the results, the high-risk group, middle-risk group, and low-risk group had statistically significant differences in serum SDF-1 levels (F=3.820; P<0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated that ABCD2 score was positively correlated with serum SDF-1 (r=0.349; P<0.05). End-point events were included in the occurrence group and not included in the non-occurrence group. The SDF-1 level of the occurrence group was significantly higher than that of the non-occurrence group. Based on the cranial MRI results as the gold standard, the areas under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) drawn based on the SDF-1, ABCD2 score, SDF-1 combined with the ABCD2 score, and the occurrence of end-point events were obtained at 0.717, 0.697, and 0.762, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of SDF-1 were reported as 77.8% and 68.1%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the ABCD2 score were 83.3% and 48.9%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of SDF-1 combined with the ABCD2 score were 72.2% and 76.6%, respectively. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, SDF-1 is associated with ABCD2 score risk classification. Patients with high levels of SDF-1 combined with the ABCD2 score have a higher risk of cerebral infarction. Elevated SDF-1 levels may indicate that TIA patients have a poor short-term prognosis and have a certain predictive value for the diagnosis of the risk of ischemic stroke in the short term.