Abstract
Background and objectives: Sleep bruxism is a common phenomenon that can affect approximately 13% of adult population. It is estimated that bruxism can be caused by three types of factors: biological, psychological, and exogenous. There are many scientific reports about the coexistence of bruxism, stress, and psychoemotional disorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible correlation between occurrence of sleep bruxism and perceived stress and depressive symptoms. Material and methods: The material of this study consisted of 77 patients of Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry operating at the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland in which after using guidelines of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine probable sleep bruxism was fund. Patients then underwent video-polysomnography. Exposure to perceived stress was evaluated with Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). Occurrence of depressive symptoms was evaluated with Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: The analysis showed lack of statistically significant correlation between Bruxism Episodes Index (BEI) and Perceived Stress Scale–10 and Beck’s Depression Inventory scores (p = 0.64, p = 0.65; respectively), also when comparing study group (bruxers) and control group (non-bruxers) (p = 0.88, p = 0.77; respectively). Conclusion: Intensity of sleep bruxism was not statistically significantly correlated with self-reported perceived stress and depression. This issue requires further research.
Highlights
Bruxism is a phenomenon commonly associated with clenching and grinding the teeth
Biological factors including neurotransmitters, genetic factors, and cortical arousals are the first group. Psychological factors such as stress sensitivity, individual character traits, and anxiety belong to second group. Both adults and children seem to present higher results on scales assessing the intensity of mental disorders, anxiety and stress when compared to the non-bruxers [3]
Because of the apparent complexity of the problem the aim of this study is to evaluate the possible correlation between occurrence of sleep bruxism, perceived stress, and depression symptoms
Summary
Bruxism is a phenomenon commonly associated with clenching and grinding the teeth. It is estimated that it occurs in 8–31% of the population without significant differences in relation to gender. Psychological factors such as stress sensitivity, individual character traits, and anxiety belong to second group Patients with bruxism, both adults and children seem to present higher results on scales assessing the intensity of mental disorders, anxiety and stress when compared to the non-bruxers [3]. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible correlation between occurrence of sleep bruxism and perceived stress and depressive symptoms. Results: The analysis showed lack of statistically significant correlation between Bruxism Episodes Index (BEI) and Perceived Stress Scale–10 and Beck’s Depression Inventory scores (p = 0.64, p = 0.65; respectively), when comparing study group (bruxers) and control group (non-bruxers) (p = 0.88, p = 0.77; respectively). Conclusion: Intensity of sleep bruxism was not statistically significantly correlated with self-reported perceived stress and depression.
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