Abstract
BackgroundGlucose monitoring is vital for glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) measures whole-day glucose levels. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a vital outcome predictor in patients with DM.MethodsThis study investigated the relationship between HbA1c and CGM, which remained unclear hitherto. Data of patients with DM (n = 91) who received CGM and HbA1c testing (1–3 months before and after CGM) were retrospectively analyzed. Diurnal and nocturnal glucose, highest CGM data (10%, 25%, and 50%), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), percent coefficient of variation (%CV), and continuous overlapping net glycemic action were compared with HbA1c values before and after CGM.ResultsThe CGM results were significantly correlated with HbA1c values measured 1 (r = 0.69) and 2 (r = 0.39) months after CGM and 1 month (r = 0.35) before CGM. However, glucose levels recorded in CGM did not correlate with the HbA1c values 3 months after and 2–3 months before CGM. MAGE and %CV were strongly correlated with HbA1c values 1 and 2 months after CGM, respectively. Diurnal blood glucose levels were significantly correlated with HbA1c values 1–2 months before and 1 month after CGM. The nocturnal blood glucose levels were significantly correlated with HbA1c values 1–3 months before and 1–2 months after CGM.ConclusionsCGM can predict HbA1c values within 1 month after CGM in patients with DM.
Highlights
Clinical investigations have illustrated the correlation of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values with both microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) [1, 2]
We investigated the relationship between Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system results and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values and evaluated which time points of HbA1c values were related to CGM as well as CGM parameters correlated with glycemic control in patients with DM
Among the 82 DM patients enrolled in our study, 74 patients have checked HbA1c levels more than twice, and these HbA1c levels were evaluated in correlation with the CGM at different time points
Summary
Clinical investigations have illustrated the correlation of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values with both microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) [1, 2]. Glucose monitoring is a crucial aspect of DM control. The current accessibility of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems is considered a valuable development in the management of DM. CGM enables the recording of various glucose data, including glucose excursions, patterns, and trends, and timepoints of the associated changes, in an attempt to optimize glycemic control [9, 10]. Recent meta-analyses have revealed that CGM system-based blood glucose monitoring is more effective for glycemic control in patients of type 1 and 2 DM than selfmonitoring of blood glucose [11,12,13]. Glucose monitoring is vital for glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a vital outcome predictor in patients with DM
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