Correlation Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) with Mortality of COVID-19 Patients at H Adam Malik General Hospital Medan

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID 19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Vitamin D deficiency shows 6 times more risk of being infected with severe degree of COVID 19 and 15 times more risk of dying. An increase in the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was significantly related to the severity of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio with mortality of COVID 19 patients at H Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. Method: This was an observational study with cross-sectional design with retrospective data collection from medical record sources. This research was conducted from January 1 to November 31 2022 at H Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan. The sample for this study were all COVID 19 patients from January 1 until November 31 2022 at H Adam Malik General Hospital Medan who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum vitamin D levels, neutrophils, lymphocytes, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, mortality and comorbidities were recorded and data analysis was carried out. Results: The number of samples that met the inclusion criteria in this study were 125 people, the group that died was 60 people while the group that alive was 65 people. There was a significant difference in vitamin D levels between living and deceased COVID 19 sufferers (p<0.001) and there was a significant difference in NLR between living and deceased COVID 19 sufferers (p=0.046). Conclusion: There is an association between serum vitamin D levels and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio with the mortality of COVID 19 patients at H Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. Keywords: COVID-19, vitamin D, NLR, comorbids