Correlation between resin material variables and transverse cracking in composites

Abstract

In this paper, the correlation between the resin material variables and the transverse cracking in composites is established. A theoretical model based on the fracture mechanics principle is built to describe thein situ failure process of transverse cracking. The central concept of the model is that the fracture is controlled by the plastic zone developed at the crack tip. Based on an approximate crack tip stress distribution, a quantitative representation is found to relate the laminate transverse cracking fracture toughness,G c(comp), to certain resin properties: fracture toughness,G c(resin), yield stress,σ y, Young's modulus,E, and residual stress build-up,σ R.G c(comp) values of several fibre-glass/epoxy laminate systems were measured using the double torsion technique. The experimental results are found to be interpreted reasonably well by the theory. As a result, a clear picture of transverse cracking emerges. It seems thatσ y 2/E plays a more dominant role thanG c(resin) in controllingG c(comp). The residual stressσ R can weaken the laminate significantly when its level is high. It is also shown that the failure model discussed here can be readily applied to laminate delamination failure as well as adhesive bond fracture.