Abstract
Unilocular bone cysts are the most common entities affecting the maxillofacial region. The mechanism of proliferation and expansion remains unclear. Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated to diverse pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to correlate the radiographic aspect (area) and the presence of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in dentigerous cysts, radicular cysts and keratocystic odontogenic tumors. The radiographic area of each lesion was calculated using the mathematical formula of the ellipse area. All specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for these enzymes. The average radiographic area was 284.17 mm2, 235.81 mm2 and 381.81 mm2, respectively. Statistical analyses revealed no association between the immunoreactivity of MMPs and radiographic area of the lesions in all pathologies studied, except for MMP-2 and radicular cysts, for which smaller lesions had increased immunostaining for this enzyme. The results demonstrate that quantities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 are especially involved with dentigerous and radicular cysts in expansion, whereas these enzymes seem to be related to the biological behavior of keratocystic odontogenic tumors, indicating invasion and cell proliferation. Moreover, there is an inverse association between MMP-2 and MMP-9 in keratocystic odontogenic tumors (p=0.03; rs=-0.660), indicating activity in different regions.
Highlights
Cysts are developmental, inflammatory or neoplastic disorders presenting as a pathological cavity with its lumen filled with liquid or semi-solid material lined with epithelium surrounded by a rich stroma forming a capsule [1]
Significant epidemiological, behavioral and biological differences are found in these pathologies
keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOT) were larger in comparison with other cysts studied, which is consistent with findings described in the literature [3]
Summary
Inflammatory or neoplastic disorders presenting as a pathological cavity with its lumen filled with liquid or semi-solid material lined with epithelium surrounded by a rich stroma forming a capsule [1]. Lesions that exhibit this architectural pattern are the most common form of intraosseous pathological entities that affect the maxillofacial region [2]. A number of studies have demonstrated the importance of the proliferation and expansion potential of these entities and consequent osteolysis These factors are generally associated to the synthesis of proteins or enzymes that modify the homeostasis of the cystic epithelium and extracellular matrix (ECM), in KCOTs [4]. These biological processes can influence the behavior of some pathology, especially in intrabony lesions
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