Correlation between Primary, Secondary Stability, Bone Density, Percentage of Vital Bone Formation and Implant Size.

Eitan Mijiritsky,Stefan Zlatev,Ivan Chenchev,Vasilena Ivanova

doi:10.3390/ijerph18136994

Abstract

Background: This study aims to evaluate whether there is a correlation between implant stability, bone density, vital bone formation and implant diameter and length. Methods: Ninety patients were enrolled in this study. They underwent a socket preservation procedure with allograft or PRF and after 4 months, a total of 90 implants were placed. CBCT scans were assigned prior to implant placement in order to assess the bone density. During the surgical re-entry, a bone biopsy was harvested with a trephine drill. Immediately after implant insertion, the primary stability was measured. The secondary stability was measured 4 months after implant placement. Results: Primary stability showed a significant positive linear correlation with bone density (r = 0.471, p < 0.001) as well as with percentage of new bone formation (r = 0.567, p < 0.001). An average significant association of secondary stability with bone density (rs = 0.498, p < 0.001) and percentage of newly formed bone (r = 0.477, p < 0.001) was revealed. The mean values of primary stability in all three implant sizes, regarding the diameter of the implants, were similar (narrow 67.75; standard 66.78; wide 71.21) with no significant difference (p = 0.262). The same tendency was observed for secondary stability (narrow 73.83; standard 75.25; wide 74.93), with no significant difference (p = 0.277). Conclusions: The study revealed a high correlation between primary and secondary implant stability, and bone density, as well as with the percentage of vital bone formation. Implant length and diameter revealed no linear correlation with the implant stability.

Highlights

One of the factors related to a successful dental implant treatment is the implant stability
Davies et al [5] found that excessive implant micromovements may affect the formation of a fibrin clot on the implant surface during the early healing process
A good primary implant stability is a prerequisite for bone formation, osseointegration and increased bone–implant contact, which subsequently affects the secondary stability of the implant

Summary

Introduction

One of the factors related to a successful dental implant treatment is the implant stability. It is determined by the quantity and the quality of bone tissue around the implant [1,2]. Good primary stability is essential for the prevention of implant micro-movements and in order for bone remodeling and osseointegration around the implant to be achieved [3]. A good primary implant stability is a prerequisite for bone formation, osseointegration and increased bone–implant contact, which subsequently affects the secondary stability of the implant. [6] Secondary stability is referred to as biological stability that develops as a consequence of the formation and remodeling of alveolar bone on the implant surface [7,8] A good primary implant stability is a prerequisite for bone formation, osseointegration and increased bone–implant contact, which subsequently affects the secondary stability of the implant. [6] Secondary stability is referred to as biological stability that develops as a consequence of the formation and remodeling of alveolar bone on the implant surface [7,8]

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Conclusion