Abstract
Multimodal characterization of a mammalian cell by optical and microwave techniques simultaneously during electroporation. Using a coplanar waveguide with a Jurkat cell trapped in the middle of its center conductor, continuous waves at 100kHz of different amplitudes were applied for 20 s, while microwave transmission coefficients at 9GHz were measured every 0.4 s. The onset of electroporation was indicated by abrupt changes in both fluorescence intensity and transmission coefficient. Additionally, in measurements that lasted 300 s, the transmission coefficient was found to recover to the pre-poration level, while the fluorescence intensity remained different. Since the cells were confirmed viable through post-poration staining, the recovery of the transmission coefficient suggested reversible electroporation. These experimental results showed that the transmission coefficient could serve as a label-free indicator of cell membrane permeability during and after electroporation. Furthermore, it could be used to expeditiously differentiate reversible electroporation from the irreversible one. This study should aid fundamental analysis of cell physiology, as well as molecular delivery, in cell engineering and electrotherapy.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
