Correlation between Obesity and Contraceptive Method on Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–2 Expression among Breast Cancer Patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the number 2 cancer in Indonesia after cervical cancer. Breast cancer increases every year. The formation of breast cancer is stimulated by various factors such as obesity and a history of family planning. In breast cancer, there are three important receptors, namely estrogen (ER) receptors, progesterone receptors (PR), and HER-2/Neu. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of obesity and history of family planning with the estrogen hormone receptor (ER), progesterone hormone receptor (PR), and HER-2/Neu expression in breast cancer patients in the dr. Moewardi Hospital in Surakarta, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study carried out at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java. A sample of 117 pre- and post-menopausal women who performed examinations at the oncology surgical clinic at Dr. Moewardi hospital, Surakarta was selected by total sampling. The dependent variables were estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER-2/Neu expressions. The independent variables were obesity and history of contraceptive method. Data were obtained from the medical record and analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Results: Obesity (OR= 0.29; 95% CI= 0.13 to 0.68; p= 0.004) reduced estrogen hormone receptors and it was statistically significant. History of contraceptive method (OR= 1.18; 95% CI= 0.55 to 2.52; p= 0.680) increased estrogen hormone receptors but it was not statistically signi­ficant. Obesity (OR=0.41; 95% CI= 0.18 to 0.96; p= 0.040) and history of contraceptive method (OR= 0.41; 95% CI= 0.19 to 0.88; p= 0.022) reduced progesterone hormone receptors. Obesity and history of contraceptive method increased Her-2/Neu expression. Conclusion: Obesity reduces estrogen hormone receptors. History of the contraceptive method increases estrogen hormone receptors. Obesity and history of contraceptive method reduce pro­gesterone hormone receptors. Obesity and history of contraceptive method increase Her-2/Neu expression. Keywords: Obesity, contraceptive method, estrogen, progesterone hormones, Her-2/neu Correspondence: Silvia Ari Agustina. Study Program in Midwifery, School of Health Sciences Achmad Yani, Yogya­karta. Jl. Ringroad Barat Ambarketawang, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Phone: (0274) 4342000. Email: silvia_ari99@yahoo.com. Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(3): 259-265 https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.03.09