Abstract
We investigated the correlation between mood and heart rate variability (HRV) indices during daily life. The RR-interval and body acceleration of 40 normal male subjects were recorded using ambulatory device for 48 to 72 hours. Every hour that the subjects were awake they registered their current mood on a Visual Analogue Scale questionnaire. The questionnaire scales eight of the subjects’ current moods. Those are happiness, tension, fatigue, worry, depression, anger, vigor, and confusion. The following four HRV indices were calculated. Those are heart rate, root mean square of successive differences of RR-interval sequence, the normalized high-frequency (0.15 - 0.4 Hz) power of RR-in- terval variability, and mean frequency in the high-frequency band of RR-interval variability. The calculated HRV indices data and the mood data were normalized individually, the data with body acceleration exceeding 30 mG were excluded from the analysis to reduce the effect of exercise, and the differences from the first day (?mood and ?HRV-index) were taken to reduce the effect of circadian rhythm. The most three highly correlated combinations were ?vigor and ?HFnu (R = –0.24, p < 0.0001), ?vigor and ?RMSSD (R = –0.24, p < 0.0001), and ?vigor and ?HR (R = 0.22, p < 0.001). Vigor exhibited the most significant correlations with HRV indices of eight moods.
Highlights
It is important for mental health management to develop a method that can assess mood during daily life in stressful modern society
Every hour that the subjects were awake they registered their current mood on a 100-mm-long Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) questionnaire on which the endpoints were labeled “lowest” and “highest”
The tense arousal represents a continuum from calmness to anxiety, whereas the energetic arousal reflects a continuum from tiredness to energy
Summary
It is important for mental health management to develop a method that can assess mood during daily life in stressful modern society. Three methods have been proposed from mental state assessment. The first method is based on subjective self-evaluation. The second is based on biochemical analysis that quantifies the concentration of stress-related substrates in blood plasma, urine, and saliva. The third method is based on variability analysis of physiological signals reflecting the state of the autonomic nervous system. The third method has the following advantages for mental state monitoring compared with the other two. 1) It can be measured continuously with a short sampling interval; 2) it does not interrupt daily life activities; 3) it can compute (assess) the values of indices automatically; 4) it is less affected by psychological bias than the subjective self-evaluation method The third method has the following advantages for mental state monitoring compared with the other two. 1) It can be measured continuously with a short sampling interval; 2) it does not interrupt daily life activities; 3) it can compute (assess) the values of indices automatically; 4) it is less affected by psychological bias than the subjective self-evaluation method
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