Correlation between midpalatal suture stage on cone-beam CT images and its cervical vertebral maturation stage for 1 076 Chinese children and youth

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the correlation between cone-beam CT (CBCT) morphological stage of midpalatal suture (MPS) and cervical vertebral maturation stage (CS) of Chinese children and youth. Methods: This study was a retrospective observational study. A total of 1 076 CBCT images (male: 401, female: 675, age≥ 6.0 years old and<21.0 years old) taken from January 2013 to April 2018 in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology were included. MPS and CS of each sample were recorded according to previous studies. MPS included five stages: MPS 1, MPS 2, MPS 3, MPS 4s1 (substage), MPS 4s2 (substage), and MPS 5. CS included six stages: CS 1-6. Correlation between MPS and CS (ordinal categorical variables) was investigated by Spearman correlation coefficient and diagnostic test analysis. Results: Spearman coefficient between CS and MPS was 0.803. Diagnostic pairs with the best diagnostic performance include: CS 6-MPS 5, CS 5-MPS 4s2, CS 1-MPS 1, CS 4-MPS 4s1, CS 2-MPS 1, CS 3-MPS 3. The 90.9% (309/340) of individuals at CS 1-3 were at MPS 1-3 and 9.1% (31/340) were at MPS 4s1. The 33.0% (107/324) of individuals at CS 4 were at MPS 3 and 46.6% (151/324) were at MPS 4s1. Conclusions: CS has a close relationship with MPS. Individuals at CS 4 are recommended to take pre-treatment CBCT, so as to estimate feasibility of skeletal expansion with traditional tooth-borne rapid maxillary expansion.