Abstract
Objective: This research aims to determine the correlation between maternal age during pregnancy, low birth weight (LBW), prematurity, and history of hormonal drugs used in the first trimester of pregnancy with the occurrence of hypospadias. Material & Methods: This research is an observational analytic research with case control design. The sample in this study were 50 samples that consisting of 25 patients with hypospadias and 25 patients without hypospadias at Bina Sehat Jember Hospital, Paru Jember Hospital, and Bhayangkara Bondowoso Hospital. After determined every case and control group, data acquired retrospectively by traced the hypospadias risk factors (maternal age at pregnancy, LBW, prematurity, and history of hormonal drugs using in the first trimester of pregnancy) by interviewing the patient's mother. The data of this research were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate using SPSS 16.0. Bivariate analysis in this study used chi-square Yates correction (chi-square with continuity correction) and fisher's exact test, whereas multivariate analysis used logistic regression techniques with significance p-value<0.05. Results: The result of bivariate analysis in this study showed that variable maternal age during pregnancy more than 35 years (p = 0.667) has no correlation with occurrence of hypospadias, while variable of LBW (p = 0.027), prematurity (p = 0.041), and the history of hormonal drug use in the first trimester of pregnancy (p = 0.049) have a correlation with the occurrence of hypospadias. Conclusion: In this study, there was a significant correlation between LBW, prematurity, and history of hormonal drugs using in the first trimester of pregnancy with the occurrence of hypospadias. This study did not show a significant correlation between maternal age during pregnancy with the occurrence of hypospadias.
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