Correlation Between Lung Ultrasound (LUS) and Thorax X-rays in Patients with Pneumonia in The Intensive Care Unit of Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital

Abstract

Pneumonia is based on symptoms such as tachypnea, fever, rhonchi, and opacity/consolidation on a thoracic X-ray or CT scan of the thorax. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has been reported to be highly effective in diagnosing pneumonia and pneumothorax. LUS can be an excellent imaging modality and complement chest radiography and physical examination in diagnosing and surveillance pneumonia cases. Lung ultrasound examination has advantages mainly because the ionization exposure to the patient is minimal. This study was proposed to find the correlation between lung ultrasound (LUS) and thorax X-ray for pneumonia in patients in the ICU. This type of research is a prospective analytic observational with a cross-sectional study. The samples were all adult patients with clinical pneumonia symptoms in the Intensive Care Unit of Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar Central General Hospital from May to July 2023, aged 20-60 years with B.M.I. < 40 kg/m2. The sampling method was consecutive sampling. Statistical data analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 for Windows program. Data analysis was carried out in three stages: Descriptive analysis, Spearman correlation coefficient analysis, and diagnostic analysis with the help of Stata 17. The number of subjects obtained was 56 respondents. The mean age ± SD was 52.79 ± 17.11 years, 30 subjects were male (53.6%), and 26 were female (46.4%). Body mass index was obtained with an expected average of 23.17 ± 3.58 kg / m2. The correlation analysis results were obtained (r=0.772; p<0,001). The diagnostic test results got sensitivity 98% (CI95% 89.1%-99.9%), specificity 85.7% (CI95% 42.1%-99.6%), positive predictive value 98% (CI95% 89.1%-99.9%), negative predictive value 85.7% ( CI 95% 42.1%-99.6%), positive likely hood ratio 6.86 ( CI 95% 1.12-42.1), negative likely hood ratio 0.023 ( CI 95% 0.003-0.17), accuracy 88% ( CI 95% 76%-94.8%). This study concluded a strong positive correlation between lung ultrasound (LUS) and thorax X-ray in pneumonia patients in the intensive therapy room of Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar.