Abstract
It is widely accepted that menopause leads to changes in hormonal status, metabolism and lipid profile. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of menopause on the concentrations of lipids, lipoproteins and, the influence of estradiol, progesterone, FSH, LH on lipid profile in menopausal women as well. The menopausal women had higher but non-significant (p>0,05) concentrations of total cholesterol, VLDL, LDL, and triglycerides than women with regular menstruation. The concentration of HDL was significantly lower in menopausal women than in women with regular menstruation (p<0,05). Also, the concentration of apolipoprotein B was significantly higher in menopausal women (p<0,05), but the concentrations of apolipoprotein and lipoprotein (a) were lower but without significance (p>0,05). Estrogen concentration has significant negative correlation with VLDL and triglycerides (p<0,05) and significant positive correlation with HDL (p<0,05) in menopausal women. Progesterone concentration has shown no correlation with concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins in menopause. We can conclude that menopause leads to changes in lipid profile by reducing HDL, and elevating apolipoprotein B levels, thus increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease. These changes were caused by reduction of estrogen concentrations in menopause.
Highlights
Menopause is defined by cessation of menstruation for a period longer than one year, and begins with changes in ovarian function
Our research aims were to establish differences in lipid status in women in menopause and women with regular menstruation
Triglyceride, LDL, HDL and VLDL levels in woman of both groups are shown in Table
Summary
Menopause is defined by cessation of menstruation for a period longer than one year, and begins with changes in ovarian function. Menopause causes decrease of HDL concentration and changes in HDL structure as well. Current understanding is that brain and ovaries are in the center of hormonal changes after menopause. Neurotransmitters (dopamine, neuropeptide Y) and neuromodulators concentrations (prostaglandins) decrease, while norepinephrine and somatostatine levels increase. Growth hormone secretion decreases after the age of. Level of growth hormone is by - lower than in reproductive age. It is caused by the increase of somatostatin level and decreased secretion of growth hormone releasing hormon (GHRH). Level of ACTH, melatonin and prolactin decreases. In women of senior age, level of adrenal androgens is lower by -.
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